Heart Failure

Question 0

Factors Affecting Afterload

Answer 0

1. Force needed to eject blood into circulation

- Systemic and Pulmonary Vascular Resistance

Question 1

Factors that Affect Pre-Load

Answer 1

1. Volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole
   - Venous Return
   - Ventricular Compliance

Question 2

Heart Failure

-Primary Risk Factors

Answer 2

1. CAD

2. Advanced Aging

Question 3

Smoking and Heart Disease

Answer 3

1. Smoking Cessation decreases your risk of Heart disease by 50%
   - Most significant risk factor

Question 4

When to start Treating High Cholesterol?

Answer 4

1. 190 Total cholesterol

Question 5

Leading Causes of Chronic HF?

Answer 5

1. Diabetes

Question 6

Acute Causes of HF

-Nurses Role

Answer 6

1. Prevent any further Heart Damage is (GOAL)
   - Check V/S 4 times in 8hr shift
   - Check lung sounds and pulse ox
2. Lung sounds indicate if patient is doing ok
   - use LASIX if lung sounds are bad
   - Assess LASIX effectiveness by LUNG SOUNDS
3. Monitor Dysrrhythmias
   - Call provider if pt has more than 3 PVC’s
   - Administer CCB

Question 7

S/S of Thyroid Crisis

Answer 7

1. Pt will lose weight
2. Pt will feel hyper with anxiety
3. Unexplained hair loss

Question 8

Compensatory Mechanisms

-Frank-Startling Mechanism

Answer 8

1. Works in Preload.

2. The More you put in, the more the stretch, the stronger the contraction.

Question 9

Compensatory Mechanisms

-Neuro-Endocrine Responses

Answer 9

1. When Frank-startling mechanism fails the BNP and ANP release
2. sympathetic response with release of epinephrine and norepinephrine
3. RAAS system

Question 10

S/S of Decompensation

Answer 10

1. Decreased HR and BP

2. Give Dopamine IV

Question 11

1st Sign of Decompensation

Answer 11

1. Skin color begins to change

- Pale skin

Question 12

Heart Failure

-Systolic Failure

Answer 12

1. Impaired contraction of the ventricles

Question 13

Heart Failure

-Systolic Failure Caused by…

Answer 13

1. Cardiomyopathy
2. Ischemia
3. Infarction
4. Inflammation

Question 14

Heart Failure

-Diastolic Failure

Answer 14

1. Impaired ability of ventricles to relax and fill

Question 15

Heart Failure

-Diastolic Failure Caused by…

Answer 15

1. Ventricular Hypertrophy
   - Cardiomegaly - enlarged heart
2. Impaired relaxation of cardiac muscle

Question 16

If PMI is to the left of Mid-Clavicular Line?

Answer 16

1. The heart is enlarged

Question 17

Severe Dyspnea is a rate greater than?

Answer 17

RR of 30

Question 18

Ejection Fraction

Answer 18

1. Normal EF is 50-70%

2. Decreased EF means there is decreased ventricular function

Question 19

Decreased EF

-Nursing Role

Answer 19

1. Space out ADL’s due to decrease activity tolerance

Question 20

Drug of Choice for HF

Answer 20

1. ACE Inhibitor

Question 21

Top Nursing Dx for HF

Answer 21

1. Decreased Cardiac Output

2. Excess Fluid

Question 22

Education for HF

Answer 22

1. Deficit Knowledge R/t Diet and Medication