Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacy Practice 5 > Heart Exam > Flashcards

Heart Exam Flashcards

1
Q

The sound we hear from S1 is caused by?

A

closure of the mitral valve (beginning of ventricular contraction)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the sound we hear from S2 is caused by?

A

closure of the aortic valve (beginning of ventricular relaxation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what does the S8 heart sound mean for young patients? old patients? when would we hear it?

A

it can be normal in young children and some young adults. in older adults can mean changes in ventricular compliance
we can hear it after S2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

describe what S4 is and when we hear it

A

vibration on the ventricular wall due to atrial contraction, proceeds S1 of the next beat. it means a change in ventricular compliance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

describe stenosis

A

valve doesn’t open all the way and not enough blood passes through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

describe regurgitation

A

valve doesn’t close all the way so blood leaks backwards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how do we perform a heart exam?

A

inspection: check for cyanosis (is pt oxygenating well? do they have SOB?) and obtain PMI
perform palpations and obtain PMI
perform auscultation (on skin): place at right 2 ICS, then left 2 ICS, then left 4 ICS, then left 5 ICS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

the 2nd right ICS identifies the?

A

aortic area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

the 2nd left ICS identifies the?

A

pulmonic area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

the lower left ICS identifies the?

A

tricuspid area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

the apex (lower right) ICS identifies the?

A

mitral area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

S2 is louder than S1 at the?

A

base (upper portion of heart)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

S1 is louder than S2 at the?

A

apex (bottom portion of heart)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

hydrochlorothiazide

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

lisinopril

A

Prinivil, Zestril

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

lovastatin

A

mevacor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

niacin

A

niacor
lower cholesterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

nitroglycerin

A

nitrostat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

metoprolol

A

lopressor, toprol XL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

losartan

A

cozaar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

meclizine

A

bonine
treats motion sickness and vertigo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

lamotrigine

A

lamictal
seizures and bipolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

metoclopramide

A

reglan
antiemetic: GERD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what does TEE stand for?

A

transesophageal echocardiogram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what does TTE stand for?

A

transthoracic echocardiogram

26
Q

what does IE stand for?

A

infective endocarditis

27
Q

what does CPR stand for?

A

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

28
Q

what does ACLS stand for?

A

advanced cardiovascular life support

29
Q

what does ACS stand for?

A

acute coronary syndrome

30
Q

what does CHD stand for?

A

coronary heart disease

31
Q

what does CAD stand for?

A

coronary artery disease

32
Q

what does CHF stand for?

A

congestive heart failure

33
Q

what does CVD stand for?

A

cardiovascular disease

34
Q

what does JVP stand for?

A

jugular venous pressure

35
Q

what does PMI stand for?

A

point of maximal impulse

36
Q

define pericardiectomy

A

excision of membrane surrounding the heart

37
Q

define cardiomegaly

A

an enlarged heart

38
Q

define sonogram

A

image produced by reflected sound

39
Q

define electrocardiogram

A

tracing of electrical activity of heart during the cardiac cycle

40
Q

define regurgitation

A

backflow of blood through a defective heart valve

41
Q

define thrills

A

a vibration felt with palpation due to turbulent flow

42
Q

define murmur

A

whooshing sound from blood passing through heart

43
Q

what are echocardiograms used for?

A

to produce images produced by sound waves to identify heart structure, beating, blood flow in chambers, and valve function

44
Q

what can an electrocardiogram be used to determine?

A

heart rate, rhythm, ischemia, or heart attack

45
Q

what is the holter monitor used for?

A

shows us 24-48 hours of EKG

46
Q

what are cardiac event monitors used for?

A

to determine any heart abnormalities associated with rhythm

47
Q

what is a coronary angiography/angiplasty?

A

when you inject dye to visualize heart blood vessels, determine blockages or narrowing areas, or diagnose and/or treat blood vessel disease

48
Q

when plaque forms in the lining of the artery leading to blood clots and limited blood flow, what would we diagnose the pt with?

A

coronary artery disease

49
Q

how can we diagnose coronary artery disease?

A

EKG, ECHO, exercise stress testing, or cardiac angiography/angioplasty

50
Q

how can we treat coronary artery disease?

A

lifestyle modifications, antihypertensives, statins, and manage comorbidities

51
Q

what is the presentation of angina?

A

chest pain with SOB, syncope, fatigue, diaphoresis (sweating), or nausea

52
Q

describe stable angina

A

brought on by exertion, relieved by rest or vasodilator

53
Q

describe unstable angina

A

occurs at rest, will increase in frequency and not relieved by rest or vasodilator

54
Q

describe prinzmetals angina

A

uncommon pattern occurring at rest and caused by coronary artery spasms

55
Q

what are the common heart attack warning signs (myocardial infarction)

A

pain/discomfort in chest
lightheadedness, nausea, or vomiting
jaw, neck or back pain
discomfort or pain in arm or shoulder
shortness of breath

56
Q

what does a STEMI look like on an EKG?

A

elevated ST segment

57
Q

what does a non-STEMI look like on an EKG?

A

depressed ST segment

58
Q

what are the med treatment for MI? (MONA)

A

morphine
oxygen
nitrates
aspirin

59
Q

what are the leading causes of HF?

A

HTN and CAD

60
Q

what are signs of HF?

A

crackles, peripheral edema, tachycardia, and cardiomegaly (enlarged heart)

61
Q

what is infective endocarditis?

A

inflammation of the endocardium - infection of the heart valves

62
Q

what are signs of infective endocarditis?

A

fever, new or altering heart murmur

Pharmacy Practice 5 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions