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CVR > Heart Diseasse > Flashcards

Heart Diseasse Flashcards

1
Q

What is Stable Angina?

Symptoms?

A

Myocardial oxygen demand > oxygen supply

Symptoms:
Chest Pain
begins slowly and gets worse
last 1-15 mins, gets better with rest or GTN spray

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2
Q

What is released into blood if myocytes are damaged?

A

Troponin

Thus do a troponin test if myocyte death is suspected

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3
Q

What is GTN Spray?

A

Potent vasodilator

Sprayed in mouth

Used to treat Stable Angina

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4
Q

Examples of Beta blockers

A

Bisoprolol,

Atenolol

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5
Q

Side effects of Beta blockers

A

Bronchospasm,
peripheral vasodilation,
impotence,
fatigue

Also, by blocking beta receptors, alpha receptors are left unopposed, thus causing vasoconstriction - which results in cold hand and feet.

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6
Q

Examples of CCB

A

Amlodipine,

Felodipine

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7
Q

Action and effect of Beta Blockers

A

blocks beta receptor of sympathetic response

thus reduces myocardial O2 demand

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8
Q

Action and effect of CCB

A

Prevents calcium influx into smooth muscle

thus reducing myocardial oxygen demand by reducing afterload and preload

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9
Q

Side effects of CCB

A

Flushing,
Headache,
dizziness,
ankle swelling

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10
Q

Classes of drugs used to control Stable angina

A

Beta blockers,
CCB,
Nitrates

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11
Q

Examples of Nitrates

A

Isosorbide Mononitrate

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12
Q

Action and effect of Nitrates

A

Stimulates guanylate cyclase by NO derived from organic nitrate ester

thus Venodilation occurs - decreases preload - thus decreasing myocardial oxygen demand

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13
Q

Classes of drugs used to reduce risk of stable angina

A

Antiplatelet agents,

cholesterol lowering agents.

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14
Q

Side Effects of Nitrates

A

Flushing,

Hypotension

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15
Q

Examples of Antiplatelet agents

A

Aspirin,

Clopidogrel

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16
Q

Action and Effect of Antiplatelet agents

A

Inhibits platelet reaction to stimuli, by blocking TxA2/ P2Y12 receptors

Thus reducing chance of clot formation

17
Q

Side Effects of Antiplatelet agents

A

GI disturbance,
bleeding,
bronchoconstriction

18
Q

Examples of Cholesterol lowering agents

A

Atorvastatin,

Simvastatin

19
Q

Action and effect of Cholesterol lowering agents

A

blocks synthesis of cholesterol in liver by blocking HMGcoA Reductase

Thus reduces serum cholesterol, which reduces atherosclerotic plaque formation

20
Q

Side effects of Cholesterol lowering agents

A 
Nasopharyngitis,
Headache,
Constipation,
Flatulence,
Dyspepsia,
Nausea,
Diarrhoea,
Myalgia,
Arthralgia
21
Q

What is Acute coronary syndrome?

A

Rupture of an Atheromatous plaque resulting in sudden and critical reduction in blood flow to the coronary artery.

Platelet aggregation &/or thrombus formation - causing injury to myocardial tissue causing chest pain

CVR (4 decks)

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