Heart Diseases

Question 1

Acynotic heart disease

Answer 1

I. Increased pulmonary blood flow
(shunt lesion)
1. Atrial septal defect
2. Ventricular septal defect
3. Patent ductus arteriosus

II. Obstructive lesion
1. Co-arctation of aorta

Question 2

Cynotic heart disease

Answer 2

I. Obstructive lesion/ Oligemia
1. TOF
2. Tricuspid atresia
3. Ebstein’s anamoly

II. Mixing lesion/Plethora
1. Truncus arteriosus
2. Transposition of great arteries
3. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
4. Total anamalous pulmonary venous connection

Question 3

Tetralogy of fallot

Answer 3

Overriding of aorta
RT ventricular hypertrophy
VSD
Subpulmonary stenosis

Question 4

Pentalogy of fallot

Answer 4

TOF + ASD

Question 5

Trilogy of fallot

Answer 5

ASD
Pulmonary stenosis with intact ventricular septum
RT ventricular hypertrophy

Question 6

X-RAY finding
1. Boot shaped / coer en sabot
2. Box shaped
3. Egg on string
4. Figure of 8/ Snowman/ Cottage leaf
5. E sign / reverse 3 sign

Answer 6

1. TOF
2. Ebstein’s anamoly
3. Transposition of great arteries TGA
4. Total anamalous pulmonary venous connection TAPVC supracardiac type
5. Co-arctation of aorta

Question 7

1. Down syndrome
2. Turner’s syndrome
3. Noonan syndrome
4. Edward n patau
5. DiGorge syndrome
6. William syndrome
7. Allagille syndrome

Answer 7

1. Endocardial cushion defect
2. Bicuspid Aortic valve, Co-arctation of aorta
3. Pulmonary stenosis,ASD, HOCM
4. VSD
5. Conotruncal defect
6. Supravalvular aortic stenosis
7. Pulmonary stenosis

Question 8

Conotruncal defect

Answer 8

Truncus arteriosus
Interrupted aortic arch
TOF

Question 9

1. Overt diabetes
2. Congenital rubella
3. Lupus
4. Alcohol & phenytoin
5. Lithium

Answer 9

1. VSD
2. Patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonary stenosis, VSD
3. Congenital heart block in fetus
4. VSD
5. Ebstein’s anamoly

Question 10

1. Umbilical A.
2. Umbilical V.
3. Ductus venous
4. Ductus arteriosus
5. Foramen ovale
6. Allantois-urachus
7. Inf Epigastric A.

Answer 10

1. Medial umbilical ligament
2. Ligamentum teres
3. Ligamentum venosum
4. Ligamentum arteriosum
5. Fossa ovalis
6. Median Umbilical Ligament
7. Lat. Umbilical A.

Question 11

Acynotic HD
I. Pulmonary plethora +
1. 2nd HS wide n fixed split
2. Pan systolic murmur+ LAD
3. Continuous machinery infraclavicular murmur
4. Goose neck deformity MC in Downs

II. N PBF+
Brachio- femoral delay
Hypertension
Intermittent claudication

Answer 11

I.1. ASD
2. VSD
3. PDA
4. Endocardial cushion defect

II. CoA