Heart Disease? Flashcards
leading cause of death world wide
CAD
cardiomyopathies, 3 forms:
1) dilated 2) hypertrophic 3) restrictive
restrictive cardiomyopathy must be differentiated from what
1) constrictive pericarditis
how do you differentiate constrictive pericarditis?
1) restrictive cardiomyopathy = nL pericardium
2) constrictive pericarditis = thickened pericardium
aortic aneurysms, 3 types:
1) saccular: globular
2) fusiform: long
3) dissection
where do thoracic aortic dissections begin?
ascending aorta
what causes pulmonary arterial htn?
2/2 to emphysema, or recurrent PEs –> pruning of vasculature / pulmonary artery dilation
aortic stenosis, cause:
degeneration of aortic valve –> sycope, angina, dyspnea (ascending aorta may be dilated)
mitral stenosis
rheumatic fever, less common b/c we have antibiotics; can lead to left
essential HTN
leads to CHF, CAD, ARDS = noncardiogenic pulmonary edema,
ARDS
cyanosis, tachypnea, dyspnea, hypoxia
pulmonary interstitial edema, 4 findings
1) thickening of interlobular septa
2) peribronchial cuffing
3) fluid in the fissures
4) pleural effusions
pulm. alveolar edema, 3 key findings
1) puffy, indistinct, fluffy air space densities
2) butterfly configuration sparing outer lung
3) pleural effusions
causes of pulm edema, 2 categories
1) cardiogenic
2) not
cardiogenic pulm. edema finding
1) pleural effusions
2) Kerley B lines
3) cardiomegaly
4) elevated PCWP (LAtrium)
