Heart Defects

Question 1

What are the two types of heart defects?

Answer 1

Acyanotic and Cyanotic

Question 2

What is persistent ductus arteriosus? Which group of heart defects does it belong to?

Answer 2

Acyanotic heart defect
Ductus arteriosus fails to close after birth (between aorta and pulmonary artery) - oxygenated blood flows back to the lungs

Question 3

Coarcctation of the aorta is an aycanotic heart defect. But what actually is it?

Answer 3

Congenital narrowing of the aorta at or just distal to the insertion of the ductus arteriosus

Question 4

Name other acyanotic heart defects?

Answer 4

VSD 
ASD
Pulmonary stenosis 
Aortic stenosis 
Bicuspid aortic valve

Question 5

How do VSD and PDA present?

Answer 5

Poor weight gain

heart failure in infancy if significant or detected as a heart murmur

Question 6

In transposition of the great vessels, where do they originate from?

Answer 6

Aorta from RV

Pulmonary artery from LV

Question 7

What are the 4 parts of Tetralogy of Fallot?

Answer 7

P - Pulmonary stenosis
O - Overriding aorta
S - Septal defect (ventricular)
H - Hypertrophy of RV

Question 8

What kind of hert defect are tetralogy of Fallot an transposition of the great vessels?

Answer 8

Cyanotic

Question 9

Give examples of other cyanotic heart defects.

Answer 9

Eisenmengers syndrome