heart defect associations Flashcards
heart defect associated with 22q11 syndromes
truncus arteriosus, tetralogy of fallot
down syndrome heart defects
ASD, VSD, AV septal defect (endocardial cushion defect)
congenital rubella and the heart
septal defects, PDA, pulm artery stenosis
turner syndrome and the heart
bicuspid aortic valve and preductal coarctation of the aorta
marfan syndrome and the heart
MVP (mitral valve prolapse), thoracic aortic aneyrusm, and aortic regurg
infant of a diabetic mother
transposition of the great vessels
acute bacterial endocarditis
due to high virulence organism, like S. aureus. can attack normal valves. large vegitations. In IV drug users, it is likely to attack the tricuspid valve
subacute bacterial endocarditis
due to a lower virulence organism, like viridans strep. smaller vegetations on congenitally abnormal or diseased valves. gradual onset
culture negative bacterial endocarditis
most likely coxiella or bartonella (or in pathoma, HACEK organisms: hemophius, acinobacillus, cardiobacterium)
What bugs are especially likely to cause tricuspid endocarditis in IV drug users?
S. aureus, pseudomonas, C. albicans.
complications of bacterial endocarditis
chordae rupture, glomerulonephritis, suppurative pericarditis, emboli
rheumatic heart disease characteristics
evidence of prior GAS infection, as seen with an ASO titer or an anti-DNase B titer
minor criteria, like fever and elevated ESR, and major criteria: JONES: migratory polyarthritis, heart problems, subcutaneous nodules, erythema marginatum, sydenham chorea.
How doe people die early with rhemuatic fever?
myocarditis
What are sequelae of rheumatic heart disease?
valvular disease: mitral > aortic»_space; tricuspid. the early lesion is likely to be mitral valve regurgitation; later lesions are due to scarring and cause mitral valve stenosis.
Pathologic findings of rheumatic heart disease
aschoff bodies (granuloma with giant cells) and anitschkow cells (enlarged macrophages with ovoid, wavy, rod-like nuclei.
