Heart & Blood Flashcards
Purpose of coronary artery?
Provide oxygen to heart muscle cells, oxygen used in respiration to provide energy to contract
Which side of the heart has a thicker muscular wall and why?
Left side bc it pumps blood around whole body
What do pacemaker cells do
Send small electrical impulses to the heart causing it to contract
artery
Carry blood AWAY from heart
High pressure
Small lumen
Strong thick elastic tissue
THICK wall
Vein
Carries blood TO heart
BIG lumen
Small thin wall
Low pressure
Valves-prevent backflow
Capillaries
Permeable - Exchange nutrients and Carbon dioxide
Really small
Low blood pressure
Total cross sectional area is HUGE
Rate of blood flow
Blood flow/ time taken
Red blood cells
- Carry oxygen from lungs
- Haemoglobin bing with oxygen becomes oxyhemoglobin then splits to oxygen and haemoglobin, oxygen diffuses into cells.
-no nucleus - biconcave disk = larger surface area
Platelets
- no nucleus
- floats in blood
- clotts cuts in skin
Plasma
- yellow liquid ~ makes blood watery so it can flow
- carries eveything - waste products, glucose , antibodies
White blood cells
-Defends against infections
- antitoxins neutralise any toxins
- antibodies bind to pathogens + destroy them
- phagocytosis- engulfs pathogens
Blood flow in body
Blood from body>vena cava> right atrium>tricuspid valve> right ventricle> pulmonary valve> pulmonary artery> lungs>pulmonary veins>left atrium>bicuspid valve>left ventricle>aortic valve> aorta>body
Blood flow in heart
Blood enters left and right atrium. The atria contracts and blood is forced into the ventricles. Ventricles now contract and semi lunar valves open to stop back of blood into atria and forces blood out of the heart.
Left side of heart
Oxygenated blood
Right side of heart
Deoxygenated blood
