Heart And Neck Vessels Flashcards
A patient comes to the clinic and tells the nurse that he has been confined to his recliner chair for about 3 days with his feet down and he wants the nurse to evaluate his feet. During the assessment, the nurse might expect to find:
A. coolness.
B. distended veins.
C. pallor.
D. prolonged capillary filling time.
B. Distended veins
A patient comes to the clinic and states that he has noticed that his skin is redder than normal. The nurse understands that this condition is due to hyperemia and knows that it can be caused by:
A. decreased amounts of bilirubin in the blood.
B. excess blood in the dilated superficial capillaries.
C. excess blood in the underlying blood vessels.
D. decreased perfusion to the surrounding tissues.
B. Excess blood in the dilated superficial capillaries
The nurse is reviewing risk factors for venous disease. Which of these situations best describes a person at highest risk for development of venous disease?
A. Woman in her second month of pregnancy
B. Elderly person taking anticoagulant medication
C. Person who has been on bed rest for 4 days
D. Person with a 30-year, 1 pack per day smoking history
C. Person who has been on bed rest for four days
When performing a peripheral vascular assessment on a patient, the nurse is unable to palpate the ulnar pulses. The patient’s skin is warm and capillary refill time is normal. The nurse should next:
A. check for the presence of claudication.
B. ask the patient if he or she has experienced any unusual cramping or tingling in the arm.
C. consider this a normal finding and proceed with the peripheral vascular evaluation.
D. refer the individual for further evaluation.
C. Consider this a normal finding
A patient has a positive Homans’ sign. The nurse knows that a positive Homans’ sign may indicate:
A. problems with arterial circulation.
B. severe edema.
C. venous insufficiency.
D. deep vein thrombosis.
Deep vein thrombosis
A patient has been diagnosed with venous stasis. Which of these findings would the nurse most likely observe?
A. A unilateral cool foot
B. A brownish discoloration to the skin of the lower leg
C. Thin, shiny, atrophic skin
D. Pallor of the toes and cyanosis of the nail beds
A brownish discoloration of the skin to the lower leg
area on the anterior chest directly overlying the heart and great vessels.
precordium
the heart extends from the ____ intercoastal space and from the right border of the sternum to the ____.
2nd to 5th
left midclavicular line.
the “top” of the heart is the ___ and the “bottom” is the ____, which points down and to the left.
base
apex
the superior and inferior vena cava _____to the right side of the heart. the ____ leaves the right ventricle, bifurcates, and carries the venous blood to the lungs. the _____ return the freshly oxygenated blood to the left side for the heart, and the ___ carries it out the body.
return unoxygenated venous blood
pulmonary artery
pulmonary veins
aorta
tough, fibrous , double-walled sac that surrounds and protects the heart
pericardium
this ensures smooth, friction-free movement of the heart
pericardial fluid
the muscular wall of the heart; it does the pumping.
myocardium
thin layer of the endothelial tissue that lines the inner surface of the heart chambers and valves
endocardium
the right side of the heart pumps blood into ____.
the lungs!!
