Heart and Blood Vessel Flashcards
What is the right heart associated with?
Pulmonary Circulation
Fed by inferior and superior venae cavae - Blood sent to lungs by pulmonary trunk
What is Left Heart associated with?
Systemic circulation - fed by pulmonary veins - blood sent to body via the aorta
What is the tough fibrous sac that covers the Heart?
Fibrous Pericardium
What is the pericardium’s role?
Prevents heart from over-expanding and limits heart motion
Where does the Pericardium attach?
Attached to the great vessels at the base of the heart and to central tendon of diaphragm
What is the serous pericardium?
Two layers that enclose the pericardial cavity
What is the two layers of serous pericardium?
Parietal Pericardium - lines internal surface of fibrous pericardium
Visceral Pericardium - lines the heart (part of epicardium)
What are the 3 Layers of the Heart Wall?
Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
What make up the Epicardium?
Visceral Pericardium -simple squamous epithelium
Subepicardium - loose C.T and adipose tissue containing coronary vessels and nerves that supply the heart
What is the myocardium?
Thickest layer of the Heart Wall
Bundles of layers of cardiac muscle cells
What is the endocardium?
Smooth inner lining of endothelial cells
Subendocardium - loose C.T containing small blood vessels and branches of the conducting system of the heart
What are Heart Valves composed of?
Fibrous C.T (covered with endocardium)
What are the atrioventricular valves (AV) ?
Right AV - 3 Cusps (tricuspid)
Left AV - 2 Cusps (bicuspid)
What connects AV Valves to papillary muslces?
Chordae Tendineae
What do semilunar valves do?
Control blood into great arteries
What is the pace maker of the heart?
Sinoatrial (SA) node
Function and location of the SA Node?
Causes atrial contraction
Located in wall of superior vena cava and right atrium
Location and function of Atrioventricular (AV) Node
Septum between atria
Begins ventricular Contraction
What makes up the conducting system of the heart?
Atrioventricular Bundle - Bundle of His
Divides into 2 fibres of Purkinje Fibres
Location and Function of Purkinje Fibres?
Occur in dense CT of endocardium
Supply Papillary muscles first then apex of heart
Causes wave of ventricular contraction
Layers of a blood Vessel
Tunica Intima - endothelium and CT
Tunica media - smooth muscle, collagen and elastic fibres
Tunica Adventitia - Loose CT, can have blood vessels and nerves
types of arteries
Elastic Arteries
Muscular arteries
arterioles
Role of Capillaries?
link arterial and venous circulation - microcirculation
site of gas exchange
Types of Capillaries ?
Continuous
Fenestrated
Discontinuous ( Sinusoids )
