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CardioPulm > Heart Anatomy > Flashcards

Heart Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What does angle of louie align with?

A

2nd rib and 4th/5th thoracic vertebra

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2
Q

What does xiphoid align with?

A

T7 dermatome

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3
Q

What are two layers of pericardium?

A

parietal and visceral (tunica adventitia)

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4
Q

Innervation of pericardium

A

phrenic nerve

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5
Q

Where is transverse and oblique sinuses located?

A

Transverse= Posterior to pulmonary trunk and ascending aorta
Anterior to Superior vena cava
Oblique = Posterior to heart

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6
Q

What are parts of the right atrium?

A
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7
Q

Right Ventricle

A

tricuspid AV valve.

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8
Q

Left atrium

A
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9
Q

Left ventricle

A
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10
Q

Aortic valve

A

has 3 cusps

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11
Q

Where is right coronary artery?

A

lateral to right ventricle and apex, posterior to ventricles, branch to SA and AV nodes

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12
Q

Where is left coronary artery?

A

anterior the ventricles and ventricular septum

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13
Q

Where are cardiac veins?

A

great cardiac is over left coronary circumflex, small is on right side, and middle is posterior

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14
Q

What are functions of heart skeleton?

A

keeps valves from over distention, attachment for valves, and insulate atria

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15
Q

What innervates the heart?

A

cardiac plexus located anterior to bifurcation of trachea and posterior the ascending aorta. Sympathetic increases heart rate, originates at T1-T6 and terminates in cervical ganglia. Parasympathetic is vagus and ends at atrial wall

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16
Q

parts of aorta

A
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17
Q

What forms brachiocephalic veins?

A

union of internal jugular veins and subclavian, the left and right brachiocephalics come together to for superior vena cava

18
Q

Where do scalene muscles attach, innervation, and function?

A

attach to transverse processes of rib 1 and 2, innervated by ventral rami, flex neck head and raise ribs

19
Q

continuation of axillary vein

A

subclavian vein

20
Q

formed by internal jugular and subclavian vein

A

brachiocephalic veins

21
Q

sigmoid sinus

A

internal jugular

22
Q

forms mandicular and posterior auricular veins, and branches off subclavian

A

external jugular vein

23
Q

Where is vagus nerve?

A

has recurrent laryngeal branch
Right loops under right subclavian artery
Left loops under aortic arch at ligamentum arteriosum

24
Q

Where is phrenic nerve

A

C3-C5 and anterior to anterior scalene

25
Q

where is sympathetic trunk

A

anteriolateral to vertebral bodies

26
Q

What forms superior vena cava?

A

right and left brachiocephalic vein and right atrium

27
Q

What forms inferior vena cava?

A

right and left common iliac veins and right atrium

28
Q

What forms right and left brachiocephalic veins?

A

internal jugular vein and subclavian vein and superior vena cava

29
Q

what branches off aortic arch and descending aorta?

A

Arch: brachiocephalic trunk, left carotid, and left subclavian
Descending: intercostal and bronchial

30
Q

between pulmonary trunk and arch of aorta

A

ligamentum arteiosum

31
Q

What drains into thoracic duct?

A

left head, neck, thorax, everything below diaphragm, cysterna chyli, jugular vein and left subclavian

32
Q

Which vertebrae are associated with greater, lesser, and least splanchic nerve?

A

greater = T5-T9, lesser = T10-T11, least = T12

33
Q

Somatic NS

A

1 neuron, skeletal muscle, voluntary, environment regulates internal environment

34
Q

autonomic NS

A

2 neurons, smooth and cardiac, involuntary

35
Q

Where does sympathetic vs parasympathetic originate?

A

Sympathetic = thoracolumbar, short and para = craniosacral, long

36
Q

Narrow aorta causing high blood pressur; can either be preductal (proximal to ductus arteriosus) or post ductal

A

Aortic coarctation

37
Q

Where is bronchoesophageal fistual

A

connection between left lower bronchus and esophagus

38
Q

compression of mediastinal structures via tumors, or enlarged thymus

A

mediastinal syndrome

39
Q

obstruction of superior vena cava can lead to

A

superior mediastinum syndrome

40
Q

compression of esophagus or enlarged left atrium can lead to

A

posterior mediastinum syndrome

CardioPulm (6 decks)

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