Heart

Question 1

What is the pulmonary artery

Answer 1

The main artery that takes deoxygenated blood away from the heart to the lungs

Question 2

What is the pulmonary vein

Answer 2

The main vein that carries oxygenated blood back to the heart from the lungs

Question 3

What is the heart

Answer 3

An organ that pumps blood around the body in the circulatory system

Question 4

What kind of circulatory system is the heart

Answer 4

Double circulatory system

Question 5

What is the aorta

Answer 5

The main artery that takes oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body

Question 6

What is the vena cava

Answer 6

The main vein that takes deoxygenated blood back to the heart from the body

Question 7

What are ventricles

Answer 7

The two lower chambers of the heart that receive blood from the atria and expel blood into the arteries

Question 8

What is the atria

Answer 8

The two upper chambers of the heart that receive blood from the veins and pump blood into the ventricles

Question 9

In which ventricle is the muscle wall thicker and why

Answer 9

In the left - as the heart has to pump the blood around the whole body not just to the lungs and is therefore under higher pressure

Question 10

What happens to your muscles when you respire

Answer 10

Your muscles need more energy therefore respire more

Question 11

Increasing heart rate has what effect on the rate of oxygen and carbon dioxide being exchanged

Answer 11

• increased heart rate means o2 + co2 are being exchanged more rapidly

Question 12

How does your heart rate increase?

Answer 12

1. exercise increases amount of co2 in blood
2. high levels of co2 are detected by receptors in aorta and artery in neck
3. these receptors send signals to the brain
4. the brain sends signals to the heart causing it to contract more frequently and with more force

Question 13

What kind of blood does the pulmonary artery carry?

Answer 13

DEOXYGENATED BLOOD - exception to the rule

Question 14

What kind of blood does the pulmonary vein carry?

Answer 14

OXYGENATED BLOOD - exception to the rule

Question 15

What is coronary heart disease?

Answer 15

When the coronary arteries that supply blood to the muscle of the heart become blocked by layers of fatty material building up

Question 16

What happens when coronary arteries that supply blood to the muscle of the heart become blocked by layers of fatty material building up?

Answer 16

The arteries become narrow, restricting blood flow and causing a lack of oxygen - which can lead to a heart attack

Question 17

What are the main causes of CHD? (coronary heart disease)

Answer 17

Smoking - increases blood pressure which can damage the of inside coronary arteries (nicotine)
Poor diet - diet high in saturated fat can cause fatty deposits to build up inside arteries
Stress - hormones produced in times of stress can increase blood pressure which can damage vessel walls

Question 18

General plan of circulation system

Answer 18

• deoxygenated blood from body to heart via vena cava
• deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs via pulmonary artery
• oxygenated blood from lungs to heart via pulmonary vein
• oxygenated blood from heart to rest of body via aorta

Question 19

What does hepatic mean

Answer 19

To do with the liver

Question 20

What does renal mean

Answer 20

To do with the kidneys

Question 21

What does pulmonary mean

Answer 21

To do with the lungs

Question 22

Where does the hepatic portal vein transfer blood from and to

Answer 22

From the gut to the liver