Heart Flashcards
Where is the heart located?
Middle Mediastinum
What surrounds the heart?
pericardium
what makes up the pericardial sac?
continuous with the tunica adventitia of the great vessels
What makes up the serous pericardium
Parietal layer, visceral layer, and pericardial cavity
what is found in the pericardial cavity?
percardiophrenic artery and vein
What is located in the base of the heart?
the L atrium and part of the Right
What is located in the diaphragmatic region of the heart?
Both ventricles but primarily left
What is in the pulmonary region of heart?
the left ventricle
What is in the sternocostal region of the heart?
both ventricles, primarily right, and part of the right atrium
what are the four regions of the heart?
- Base of Heart- posterior
- Diaphragmatic- Inferior
- Sternocostal- Anterior
- Pulmonary- faces left
What are the major arteries for the heart?
pulmonary artery, aorta, and coronary artery
what are the major veins of the heart?
sup/inf vena cava, pulmonary vein, and coronary vein
What branches off the anterior inter-ventricular artery?
L. Marginal artery
What branches off the coronary sinus?
Middle Cardiac vein, left posterior ventricular vein, left marginal vein
What branches off the Left Coronary?
Left. Marginal artery, anterior inter-ventricular artery, circumflex
Branch of Right Coronary Artery?
posterior interventricular, right marginal
Blood flow through the heart?
SVC/IVC to R. atrium to tricuspid valve to R. ventricle to pulmonary semilunar to pulmonary artery to lungs to Left atrium to pulmonary vein to Left ventricle to Body
Foramen Ovale
bulk of blood flow comes in the same opening then shunted into opening between atria
Fossa Ovale
foramen ovale after it closes
what vessels empty into R. atrium?
SVC/IVC/ coronary sinus/ anterior cardiac veins/ intervenous tubercle
what is the intervenous tubercle?
small projection in wall of R. atrium that divers blood from SVC away from IVC
VSD
Ventricular septal defect
ASD
atrial septal defect, leaky foramen ovale
AVSD
atrioventricular septal defect
Heart Murmur
Abnormal heart sounds
skeleton of the heart
divides atria and ventricles. Fibrous ring, pulmonary semilunar, bicuspid valve, aortic semilunar, tricuspid valve, AV conducting bundle, R/L trigone
three arteries that normally get blocked
- Anteriorinterventricular artery
- R. coronary
- Circumflex artery
why is there a 220 ms delay?
the atria have to get rid of blood into ventricles
Conduction system of the heart
SA node to AV node to AV bundle to perkinje fibers
Functions of the skeletal system of the heart?
- Structural support for the valves
- anchoring point for valves
- Insulator between atria and ventricles
- origin/ insertion for ventricular muscles
