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Anatomy Exam III > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q

Innvervation and blood supply of the fibrous pericardium.

A

Pericardial and pericardiocophrenic A.

Phrenic and autnomics

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2
Q

Order of the layers surrouding the heart

A
  1. fibrous pericardium

2. Serous pericardium (3 layers, parietal layer and visceral layer)

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3
Q

Innvervation of the parietal pericardium layer

A

Phrenic nerve

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4
Q

Embryologic precursor for the fibrous pericardium

A

Pleuro-pericardial membrane

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5
Q

Describe the Pericardial Sinuses

A

2 reflection sites of the serous pericardiu where the parietal and visceral layers are continuous

  • Transverse pericardial sinus is behind the arterires
  • Oblique pericardial sinus is at the veines behind Left atrium
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6
Q

Describe the Apex of the heart

A

Primarily formed by the left ventricle and protrudes in the left 5th intercostal space

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7
Q

Pericardiocentesis is best performed where?

A

Xyphoid process and costal margine or in the left 5th intercostal space.
The needle would past through the fibrous PC then the serous parietal pericardium
- fluid builds in between the serous layers, parietal and visceral pericardium

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8
Q

Describe the base of the heart

A

primarily the left atrium against the thoracic vertebrae

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9
Q

The surfaces of the heart:

A

Base, Apex, Sternal costal (anterior), (inferior) Diaphgramatic and pulmonary (left, creates cardiac notch)

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10
Q

Heart Borders:

A

Superior: Left and right atria
Inferior: nearly horizontal mostly right ventricle, separates sternal costal surface from diaphragmatic
Left: long, formed by left ventricle to the apex, separates sternal costal from pulmonary surface
right: right atrium.

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11
Q

Name the external structure that separates the atria and ventricles

A

The coronary (atrioventricular) sulcus

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12
Q

External structure separating the left and right ventricles

A

Posterior and Anterior Interventricular groove

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13
Q

Intercostal space of the Apex

A

left 5th intercostal space

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14
Q

List opening into the Right atrium

A

superior vena cava
Coronary Sinus (vein draining the heart)
inferior vena cava

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15
Q

The structure separating the smoothe and aterior pectinate muscles of the right atrium

A

Crista terminalis

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16
Q

The location of the Fossa Ovalis

A

Interatrial septum

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17
Q

Name the valve of the right atrium to right ventrical and associated muscles and tends

A

Tricuspid
Papillary muscles
Corda tendonea

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18
Q

Name the valve from the left atrium to the left ventrical

A

Bicuspid or mitral

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19
Q

Name the “rough muscles” of the ventricle walls

A

Trabeulae careae

20
Q

Additional structure of the right ventricle only

A

Septomarginal trabecula

AKA Moderator band, from interventricular septum to papillary muscle

21
Q

Blood leaving the right ventricle passes through the _____ valve into the ______.

A

Pulmonary semilunar valve

Pulmonary trunk to the pulmonary arteries.

22
Q

Out flow portion of the right ventricle is called the _____.

A

Conus arteriosus

23
Q

From the lungs, blood reenters the heart from the _____ in the ______

A

pulmonary veins into the left atrium.

24
Q

Name the smooth outlfow portion of the Left ventricle…

A

The aortic vestibule

25
Q

Blood travels from the left ventricle through the _____ valve to get to the ______

A
  • Aortic semilunar valve

- Ascending Aorta

26
Q

Right fibrous trigone connects:

A

ascending Aorta and both valves (mitral and tri)

27
Q

Left fibrous trigone connects:

A

Mitral valve and ascending aorita

28
Q

Tendon in between pulmonary trunk and the aorta

A

Tendon of the conus ateriosus

29
Q

Two major ateries of the heart from the ascending aorta

A

Left and right coronary artery

30
Q

Left coronary artery- first branch is called____ and travels in the ______

A

Anterior ventricular artery (AKA left anterior descending LAD)
Anterior ventricular groove

31
Q

Branch of the Anterior ventricular artery..

A

Diagonal branch

32
Q

The left coronary atery continues around the heart as the ______ artery, traveling in the ________.

A

Circumflex artery in the atrioventrical sulcus

33
Q

The first branch of the right coronary artery

A

Nodal Artery of the SA node

34
Q

Second branch of the right coronary artery

A

Marginal artery

35
Q

3rd branch of the right coronary arterior

A

posterior interventricular artery (Right posterior descending artery). If this artery comes from the right coronary artery, it is right side dominant!

36
Q

The vein that travels with the anterior interventricular artery

A

Great cardiac vein

37
Q

The posterior interventricular aterior runs with the ____ vein

A

Middle cardiac vein

38
Q

The Marginal Artery runs with the ___ vein

A

Small Cardiac vein

39
Q

Major veins of the heart drain into the

A

Coronary Sinus- which dumps into the right atrium

40
Q

Anterior cardiac veins dump directly into the______

A

Right atrium

41
Q

Innvervation of the heart

Sympathetics and parasympathetics.

A

Cardiac plexus is a mix of autonomic motor and visceral afferent nevers.
Sympathetics come from the level of T1-T4
Parasympatheticis come from vagus.

42
Q

Right Second intercostal space

A

Aortic Semilunar valve

43
Q

LEFT second intercostal space

A

Pulmonary semilunar valve

44
Q

Lower left body of the sternum

A

Tricuspid

45
Q

Left 5th intercostal Space

A

Mitral

Anatomy Exam III (5 decks)

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