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Anatomy > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q

The heart is the size of a ____ and the shape of a ______

A

Fist

Cone

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2
Q

Pointed part of the heart:

A

Apex

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3
Q

Pericarditis

A

Swelling of the epicardium (outer layer of the heart)

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4
Q

Also called visceral pericardium

A

Epicardium

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5
Q

Thick muscle layer

A

Myocardium

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6
Q

Continuous with the inner lining of blood vessels

A

Endocardium

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7
Q

Innermost layer

A

Endocardium

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8
Q

Middle layer

A

Myocardium

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9
Q

Composed of simple squamous epithelium and some connective tissue

A

Endocardium

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10
Q

Receiving chambers

A

Atriums

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11
Q

Discharging chambers

A

Ventricles

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12
Q

Structure dividing chambers

A

Septum

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13
Q

The right side is pulmonary circuit, meaning:

A

Oxygen poor blood enters right side and gets exchanged in the lungs

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14
Q

Systemic circulation

A

Left side of heart

Brings blood to the entire body

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15
Q

How many valves does the heart have?

A

4

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16
Q

Function of heart valves

A

Prevent back flow of blood

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17
Q

Where are AV valves located

A

Between atrial and ventrical chambers

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18
Q

Function of semilunar valves

A

Anchor the AV valves to the walls of the ventricles

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19
Q

What happens to the semilunar valves when the heart is resting?

A

They hang limply

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20
Q

How does the myocardium get nourished

A

By the left and right coronary arteries

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21
Q

What carries blood to the right atrium

A

Super vena cava and inferior vena cava

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22
Q

Right atrium pumps blood into

A

Right ventricle

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23
Q

Right ventricle pumps blood to

A

Pulmonary arteries

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24
Q

What carries blood to the left atrium

A

Pulmonary veins

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25
Q

Pumps blood into left ventricle

A

Left atrium

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26
Q

Pumps blood into aorta

A

Left ventricle

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27
Q

Carries blood to entire body

A

Aorta

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28
Q

Tricuspid

A

Prevents back flow of blood from the r ventricle to the r atrium

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29
Q

Bicuspid

A

Prevents back flow of blood from l ventricle to l atrium

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30
Q

Aortic valve

A

Prevents back flow of oxygenated blood from the aorta into the left ventricle

31
Q

Pulmonary valve

A

Prevents back flow of deoxygenated blood from the pulmonary trunk into the r ventricle

32
Q

Foramen ovale

A

An opening in the septum between the 2 atria of the heart

Normally present in fetus

33
Q

Pumping chamber of heart

A

Ventricle

34
Q

Receiving chamber of heart

A

Atrium

35
Q

Average BPM

A

60-90

36
Q

Actual name of heart

A

Myocardium

37
Q

EKG

A

Electricity heart produces

38
Q

Bradycardia

A

Slow heart rate

39
Q

Heart strings

A

Chordae tendonae

40
Q

P wave on EKG

A

Atria contracting

41
Q

Gas exchange

A

Capillaries

42
Q

Heart beating out of control

A

Fibrillation

43
Q

When ventricle is systole the ____ is closed

A

Tricuspid valve is close

44
Q

Blood supply to heart

A

Coronary circulation

45
Q

Safe BP

A

120/70

46
Q

What is the blood pressure taken through

A

Artery

47
Q

If the communication between the SA and AV nodes became blocked what would happen

A

The ventricles wouldn’t contract

48
Q

Lub occurs when

A

The av valves are closed

49
Q

AV valves close during

A

Ventricular systole

50
Q

Vessels carrying blood towards heart

A

Veins

51
Q

Vessels carrying blood away from heart

A

Arteries

52
Q

A change in the normal pattern of a heart beat

A

Arrhythmia

53
Q

Natural pacemaker of the heart

A

SA node

54
Q

Dub sound caused by

A

Closing of aortic and pulmonic valves

55
Q

Blood flow from the heart to the lungs and back is

A

Pulmonary circulation

56
Q

As blood travels from the aorta to the capillaries what happens

A

Resistance increases

57
Q

The hallow cavity the heart is found in:

A

Thoracic cavity

58
Q

Pulmonary circulation

A

Deoxygenated blood away from the heart to lungs

Returns oxygenated blood back to the heart

59
Q

Pulmonary circulation steps

A 
Right ventricle through pulmonary artery 
Right atrium
Tricuspid valve
Right ventricle 
Pulmonary valve 
Pulmonary trunk of pulmonary artery
60
Q

Coronary circulation steps

A

Left and right coronary arteries
Cardiac veins
Coronary arteries

61
Q

Normal PR

A

.12-.20 seconds

62
Q

Normal QRS

A

.8-.10

63
Q

Normal QT

A

.36-.44

64
Q

P:

A

Atrial depolarization

65
Q

QRS:

A

Ventricular depolarization/contraction

66
Q

T:

A

Ventricular depolarization

67
Q

Normal heart rate:

A

70-100

68
Q

Normal BP

A

120/80

69
Q

Cardiac output

A

Heart rate x BPM

70
Q

Average male and female cardiac output

A
  1. 25 L

4. 9 L

71
Q

Function of the chordae tendonae

A

Prevent AV Valves from being pushed up into the atria

72
Q

Lub sound

A

AV valves closing

73
Q

Dub sound

A

Semilunar valves closing

74
Q

Simple squamous epithelium covering the valves

A

Endocardium

Anatomy (3 decks)

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