Heart Flashcards
signs of ACUTE heart failure
chest pain/pressure (could be radiating to jaw), GI discomfort (common in women) exertional dyspnea
Symptoms of right sided failure
fatigue and dyspnea, ankle edema, jugular distention and ascites
symptoms of left sided failure
fatigue, exertional dyspnea, cough, orthopnea, pink frothy sputum
where is the base of the heart
under the sternum at the level of the 2nd ICS
where is the apex of the heart
left 5th intercostal space (medial to midclavicular line)
Order of cardiac assessment
inspect, palpate, percuss, auscultate
traditional auscultation site for aorta
2nd right ICS next to sternum
traditional auscultation site for pulmonic
2nd left ICS next to sternum
traditional auscultation site for tricuspid
4th left ICS next to sternum
traditional auscultation site for mitral
5th left ICS inside the midclavicular line
What creates the 1st heart sound (S1 or LUBB)
closure of the mitral and tricuspid
what creates the 2nd heart sound (S2 or DUP)
closure of aortic and pulmonic
what marks the start of systole
LUBB
What marks the start of diastole
DUP
the first heartbear (LUBB) is loudest at
mirtral valve site (Cardiac apex)
splitting of the first heartbeat would be heard best where
tricuspid site immediately following the diastolic pause
SPLIT s1
both components of the first heartbeat (mitral and tricuspid) are audible causing a double sound
SPlit S2
both components of the 2nd heartbeat (aortic and pulmonic) are audible causing a double sond
Ventricular gallop caused by
blood striking a damaged and stiffened ventricular wall in early diastole
atrial gallop caused by
blood striking a damaged and stiffened ventricular wall in late diastole
quality of murmur is often heard as
blowing or rumbling
a murmur that is equal to intensity of S1 and S2
grade 3
murmurs involving right sided heart valves (pulmonic and tricuspid) are ____ during inspiration
louder
