Heart Flashcards
Where is the heart located?
Thoracic cage; slightly to left on diaphragm
What’s the function of the heart?
Pump blood
What are the 3 types of wall structures in the heart?
Pericardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
What layers does the pericardium have in it?
What do they do?
What are they made of?
Fibrous layer-holds heart in place; dense irregular CT
Serous layer-simple squamous ET double layer w/fluid between layer
Why does myocardium do?
What kind of tissue does it have?
More force for contraction
Cardiac muscle
How can you tell the difference between cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle?
Cardiac muscle has intercalated discs and nucleus is more round
What kind of tissue is endocardium?
Simple squamous ET
What are the chambers on the top of the heart?
Left and right atrium
What is the top of the heart called?
Base
What is the bottom (point) of the heart called?
Apex
What are the bottom chambers of the heart called?
Left and right ventricles
What do the atria do?
Receives blood and pumps it to ventricles
What do the ventricles do?
Pumps blood to body
Where does the right ventricle pump blood to?
To the lungs
Where does the left ventricle pump blood to?
To the rest of the body
What is connected to the right atrium?
Where does the blood come from, from each?
Superior vena cava-superior regions
Inferior vena cava-inferior regions
Coronary sinus-blood from heart
Blood flows out of right ventricle from what? Then where does it go?
Pulmonary trunk then right and left pulmonary artery
Left atrium has what?
Left and right pulmonary veins
Blood from the left ventricle leaves from where?
Aorta
The top of the aorta is called what?
Aortic arch
What stops blood from going back up into the right atrium and left atrium?
Right and left atrioventricular valves
What stops blood from flowing back down aorta?
Aortic semilunar valves
What stops blood from flowing back down pulmonary trunk?
Pulmonary semilunar valves
What 2 structures holds the valves down?
Chordae tendineae
Papillary muscle
What seperates the right and left ventricle?
Interventricular septum
What separates the right and left atrium?
Interatrial septum
Why does the left ventricle have more muscle that the right?
The left has to pump blood to the rest of the body which is more work than pumping blood only to the lungs
Name of groove that separates the top and bottom of heart
Coronary sulcus
Name of groove that separates the right and left side of heart?
Anterior and posterior interventricular sulcus
