Heart Flashcards
What is the normal range for adult resting heart rate in beats per minute?
60 to 100 beats per minute
True or False: The left ventricle is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood to the body.
True
Fill in the blank: The _____ node is known as the natural pacemaker of the heart.
sinoatrial
What is the primary function of the coronary arteries?
To supply blood to the heart muscle
Which heart sound is associated with the closure of the atrioventricular valves?
S1
What is a common symptom of heart failure?
Shortness of breath
True or False: Atrial fibrillation increases the risk of stroke.
True
What does the term ‘cardiac output’ refer to?
The amount of blood the heart pumps in one minute
Which medication is commonly prescribed for hypertension?
ACE inhibitors
What is the significance of a patient’s ejection fraction?
It measures the percentage of blood pumped out of the ventricles with each heartbeat
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the layer of the heart that contracts.
myocardium
What is the primary risk factor for developing coronary artery disease?
High cholesterol
What is the purpose of a stress test?
To evaluate how the heart performs under physical stress
True or False: The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body.
True
What does the term ‘arrhythmia’ mean?
An irregular heartbeat
Which diagnostic tool is used to visualize the heart’s electrical activity?
Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)
Fill in the blank: The _____ valve prevents backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle.
aortic
What is the most common cause of myocardial infarction?
Coronary artery disease
What lifestyle modification can help reduce the risk of heart disease?
Regular exercise
True or False: Women typically experience the same symptoms as men during a heart attack.
False
What is the role of the ventricles in the heart?
To pump blood out of the heart
What does ‘hypertension’ refer to?
High blood pressure
Fill in the blank: The _____ is a thin membrane that surrounds the heart.
pericardium
Which type of heart failure occurs when the heart cannot pump effectively?
Systolic heart failure
What is the most common type of congenital heart defect?
Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
True or False: Statins are used to lower blood pressure.
False
What is the main purpose of anticoagulant medications?
To prevent blood clots
