Hearing Measurement Lecture l Flashcards
What are the two types of Diagnosis?
Physiological
Rehabilitative
(We tend to focus more on this one as audiologists)
What is our focus as audiologists?
Our focus and goal is the assessment and rehabilitation of receptive communication
Disability is___________________________
Biopsychosocial
What would you call the body of rehabilitative diagnosis?
An impairment (hard of hearing)
What would you call the person of rehabilitative diagnosis?
Activities limitation
What would you call the person in context of rehabilitative diagnosis?
Participation restriction
What issues do we address at the body level (structure and function) during of physiological diagnosis? (4)
Normal/Abnormal
site of lesion
cause
prognosis
What issues do we address person level (activities and participation) during of physiological diagnosis? (5)
- problematic or unproblematic
- hearing capacity (how well can they do)
- is this person having trouble understanding speech
- can we mitigate the effects of the loss
- can we help this person overcome any limitations
Which test is this?
Otoacoustic emissions
Which test is this?
Auditory Brainstem Response
Which tests are these? (2)
Audiogram and Tympanogram
What is this device?
Cochlear Implant
20 Channels, limitation to the number of frequencies it can transfer
What is this device?
Cochlear Implant
20 Channels, limitation to the number of frequencies it can transfer
What was Harvey Fletcher’s experiment? (3)
Experimented by removing parts of the spectrum, and measuring how intelligible the speech was
Foundational research important for the telephone, audiometry, and hearing aid fitting
Developed a method for detecting where speech is.
What can we see from Harvey Fletcher’s result?
Most of the speech information 300 to 3000 Hz most important is at 2000 Hz
What are the general Findings from Harvey’s study?
To understand speech, you need to hear speech features (e.g., formants), which are distributed across the spectrum
Harvey’s study led to the development of an index, what is the name of the index?
The Articulation Index (now the Speech Intelligibility Index)
What does the Articulation Index predicts?
predicts intelligibility from a weighted sum of the audibility (or S/N ratio) in a number of frequency bands
What does the Articulation Index predicts?
predicts intelligibility from a weighted sum of the audibility (or S/N ratio) in a number of frequency bands
How did Harvey conduct his experiment? (2)
Fletcher divided the spectrum into 20 bands
Each band was about 1 mm on the basilar membrane… about 114 IHC
How does Harvey’s study relate to hearing measurement? (2)
You need about 4 features per speech sound
You need about 4 octaves per speech sound
What is an Octave?
Series of notes occupying the interval between (and including) two notes, one having twice or half the frequency of vibration of the other.
What can we conclude from distribution of speech information from Harvey’s study? (3)
- speech information is distributed
- Each phone requires
4 audible octaves or
4 speech features - intelligibility is best predicted by audibility across a wide range
What should we retain about speech perception? (2)
- You need to hear across a wide range of frequencies for speech perception
- Very little detail is needed in any frequency region, so the comparison across frequencies is most important
