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Otolaryngology > Hearing loss > Flashcards

Hearing loss Flashcards

1
Q

what type of hearing loss do patients on cisplatin for laryngeal cancer have

A
  • High frequency loss

- outer hair cells affected

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2
Q

High frequency sounds are detected where?

A

in the base!

low frequency - apex

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3
Q

semicircular canals are responsible for what type of movement?

A

rotational

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4
Q

Otolithic organs responsible for

A

linear movement

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5
Q

what type of test is the weber?

A

Screening test

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6
Q

10 decibels is

A

a doubling of sound

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7
Q

Normal persons dB hearing

A

At 20 or better at all frequencies

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8
Q

If the bone conduction and air conduction lines overlap and are reduced (below 20) then

A

Have sensorineural hearing loss

if a gap >=15 dBls = air conduction

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9
Q

Cerumen should always be present where?

A

More proximally, not close to the ear drum

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10
Q

Common external ear organisms

A

Pseudomonas Aer
E. coli
S. aureus

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11
Q

treatment of otitis externa

A

4 drops ciprodex (CIPRO and Dex) BID x7 days

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12
Q

who is at risk for malignant OE

A

Immunocompromised, elderly, Diabetic

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13
Q

3 key features of malignant OE

A
  • granulation tissue floor
  • Nocturnal pain
  • pseudomonas
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14
Q

What is a cholesteatoma

A

squamous epithelium of middle ear, not a tumor, due to retracted drum

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15
Q

How does a cholesteatoma present?

A

draining ear
foul smelling discharge
conductive loss
wax in epitypanic area

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16
Q

Fixation of the stapes to the oval window - disease?

A

Otosclerosis - progressive conductive hearing loss

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17
Q

what is the carhart notch

A

Bone line dips down at 2kHz

air conduction line comes up at 2 kHz

18
Q

4 kHz notch suggestive of

A

Noise induced hearing loss

Sensorineural!

19
Q

Gradual decline in hearing loss - worse at higher Hz - Presbycusis

A

age related
Sensorineural HL
bilateral

20
Q

Drugs that can cause ototoxicity (3 classes)

A

Aminoglycosides - gentamycin, strepto
Salicylates - loop diuretics, antimalarials
Cisplatin

21
Q

2 mechanisms of ototoxicity

A

lose the outer hair cells

and High Hz sound

22
Q

Most imp treatment for SNHL that is sudden onset

A

oral steroids 72 hr

23
Q

Hearing aids can treat both

A

conductive and SNHL

24
Q

Criteria to diagnose meniere’s disease

A

1) 2 episodes of rot vertigo last 20 minutes
2) Audiometric confirm SNHL
3) Tinnitus/pressure

25
Q

Treatment of meniere’s

A 
Benzo
antihistamine
anticholin 
antiemetic
rest
volume replete
26
Q

ways to prevent acute episodes of meniere’s

A

Diuretics
vestibular suppressant
betahistidine - vasosdilator

27
Q

treating malingnant OE

A
  • IV anti pseudomonal Abx

surgical debirdement

28
Q

retraction of which pars is associated with a cholesteotoma

A

pars flaccida

29
Q

middle ear disease that progresses during pregnancy

A

Otosclerosis

30
Q

carhart’s notch suggests

A

otosclerosis

conductive loss

31
Q

central perforation that does not involve the annulus

A

usually due to infection

32
Q

what infections can cause inner ear disease - hearing loss

A

TORCH

meningitis

33
Q

progressive bilateral SNHL high frequency

A

presbycusis

34
Q

what can cause sudden onset SNHL

A

viral
vasculature
autoimmune

35
Q

vestibular neuronitis lasts

A

days to weeks

36
Q

BPPV lasts

A

one minute or less

37
Q

causes of BPPV

A

idiopathic
trauma
vestibular neuritis
degenerative

38
Q 
Dix hall pike maneuver BPPV
latency: 
duration: 
Nystagmus
response
A

2-10 seconds
15-60 seconds
reverses upon sitting
fatiguable

39
Q

acute (1-5 days) extreme vertigo with nausea, disabling

nystagmus towards affected side

A

vestibular neuritis - self-limited

40
Q

treatment for vestibular neuritis

A

anti-inflammatory

Otolaryngology (6 decks)

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