Hearing Disorders Flashcards
A non organic/function hearing loss is called:
Pseudohypacusis
Sue-dough-hippa-Q-sis
How would pseudohypacusis show up on an audiogram?
Unilateral HL with no shadow curve
For the Stenger test, present the stimulus simultaneously in both ears… _dB above the threshold in the better ear and _ dB below the threshold in the poorer ear
10dB above threshold better ear
10dB below threshold poorer ear
Explain how Stenger test denies or confirms pseudohypacusis:
If patient responds - negative stenger (not suggesting malingering) If patient does not respond - positive stenger (suggesting malingering)
What are 5 symptoms of auditory disorders?
HL Tinnitus Vertigo Recruitment Tone Decay
What is somatic tinnitus?
“Ringing” originates outside auditory nervous system
What is neurophysiologic tinnitus?
“Ringing” originates within the auditory nervous system
Treatment for tinnitus:
Sound based intervention
No medication or cure
Vertigo can be caused by:
Dysfunction of the vestibular system
Treatment for Vertigo:
Vestibular rehab
Medications
Low salt diet
Surgery
What is recruitment?
Who most commonly has it?
Abnormally rapid growth in loudness
Common in patients with SNHL
Tone decay is an inability to:
Sustain the perception of a tone or an acoustic reflex
Tone decay is an indication of:
Retrocochlear pathology
An Otologic Evaluation examines/gathers information about:
Otalgia (ear pain) Otorrhea (discharge) Hearing loss Tinnitus Dizziness
(Outer ear disorders) Three deformities of the pinna or auricle are:
Microtia
Anotia
Atresia
What are 4 other outer ear disorders?
Otitis Externa
Exostoses (growths)
Cerumen
Foreign bodies
(Middle ear disorder) What is otitis media?
Inflammation in ME cavity
Persistent otitis media with effusion has failure to resolve after:
6 weeks of treatment
Chronic otitis media with effusion causes:
Degeneration of structures (TM perforation)
HL from Otitis media ranges from:
10-50 dBHL
Give the HL, tympanogram, and acoustic reflex result for Otisis media:
Conductive loss
Flat tympanogram
Absent reflexes
Treatment for Otitis media with effusion:
Surgery (PE tubes)
Antibiotics
Name 5 populations with high prevalence of OME:
Children w/cleft palate Children w/Down syndrome Children from inner cities Children in daycare Children exposed to smoke
(Middle ear disorder) What is cholesteatoma?
Accumulation of cell debris from perforations of the TM
(Middle ear disorder)
What is otosclerosis?
What is cochlear otosclerosis?
Build up of spongy bone in the area of the oval window
When bone invades cochlea
What type of HL does otosclerosis cause?
Progressive conductive HL
How do you identify otosclerosis on an audiogram?
Notch in BC thresholds at 2,000Hz (called Carhart notch)
What is tympanosclerosis?
What can it cause?
Build up of scar tissue on the TM
Can cause chronic OME
What are the 8 high risk registers for SNHL?
Family history TORCH Craniofacial anomalies LBW, VLBW, ELBW Hyperbilirubinemia Ototoxic medications Bacterial meningitis Prolonged mechanical ventilation
What does torch stand for?
Toxoplasmosis Other bacterial infections Rubella Cytomegalovirus Herpes Simplex
LBW =
VLBW =
ELBW =
less than 5.5 pounds
less than 3 pounds
less than 2 pounds
Hyperbilirubinemia is an elevated _ concentration
Bilirubin
Yellowing of the skin and eyes is called:
Jaundice
What is meningitis?
What can it lead to?
Inflammation of tissues that surround the brain and spinal cord
Can lead to ossification of the cochlea
(Inner ear disorder) What is Meniere’s disease?
What is it also called?
Caused by fluctuating pressure of endolymph
Also called endolymphatic hydrops
Meniere’s disease is the only case where:
SNHL can fluctuate
Treatment for Meniere’s:
No smoking
No caffeine
Low sodium diet
Surgery
What is TTS?
What is PTS?
Temporary Threshold Shift
Permanent Threshold Shift
What is the hearing loss due to aging process?
Presbycusis
Hearing deteriorates progressively past age:
50
Head trauma can cause what kind of hearing loss?
Conductive and/or sensorineural
What are the symptoms of a retrocochlear pathology?
High-frequency HL
Absent reflex and reflex decay
