Hearing and Balance

Question 1

The ability to perceive sounds

Answer 1

Hearing

Question 2

Two fundamental units of the ear

Answer 2

Auditory apparatus
Vestibular apparatus

Question 3

Three main regions of the ear

Answer 3

External ear
Middle ear
Internal ear

Question 4

Primarily designed to collect sound waves and direct them inward.

Answer 4

The external ear

Question 5

Is a flap of elastic cartilage shaped like the flared end of a trumpet and covered by skin.

Answer 5

Auricle/Pinna

Question 6

The upper portion of the auricle

Answer 6

Rim (Helix)

Question 7

The inferior portion of the auricle

Answer 7

Lobule

Question 8

Is a curved tube about 2.5 cm (in.) long that lies in the temporal bone and leads to the eardrum.

Answer 8

External Auditory Meatus/Canal

Question 9

Near the exterior opening, the external auditory canal contains a few hairs and specialized sweat glands called ______________________ that secrete earwax or cerumen.

Answer 9

Ceruminous glands

Question 10

Is a thin semi-transparent membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear.

Answer 10

Tympanic Membrane/Eardrum

Question 11

Directs sound waves to the middle ear

Answer 11

Tympanic Membrane/Eardrum

Question 12

A small, air-filled cavity that lies in the temporal bone.

Answer 12

Middle ear (Tympanic Cavity)

Question 13

It separates the middle ear from the external ear

Answer 13

Tympanic membrane

Question 14

It separates the middle ear from the internal ear

Answer 14

Thin bony partition that contains 2 small membrane-covered openings the oval and round window

Question 15

2 small membrane-covered openings

Answer 15

Oval and round window

Question 16

Parts of the middle ear

Answer 16

1. Auditory/Eustachian Tube (Pharyngotympanic tube)
2. Auditory Ossicles

Question 17

Connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx

Answer 17

Auditory/Eustachian Tube (Pharyngotympanic tubes)

Question 18

Equalizes air pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane.

Answer 18

Auditory/Eustachian Tube (Pharyngotympanic tubes)

Question 19

It includes the 3 smallest bones of the body.

Answer 19

Auditory Ossicles

Question 20

Transmit sound waves from the eardrum to the fluid in the cochlea thru the oval window.

Answer 20

Auditory Ossicles

Question 21

Its handle is attached to the internal surface of the tympanic membrane and its head articulates with the body of the incus.

Answer 21

Malleus/Hammer

Question 22

Middle bone; articulates with the head of the stapes.

Answer 22

Incus/Anvil

Question 23

Its base or footplate fits into the oval window.

Answer 23

Stapes/Stirrups

Question 24

Two divisions of the inner ear

Answer 24

Bony labyrinth
Membranous labyrinth

Question 25

Is a series of cavities in the petrous portion of the temporal bone.

Answer 25

Bony labyrinth

Question 26

Three areas in the bony labyrinth

Answer 26

semicircular canals vestibule cochlea

Question 27

Lined with periostium and contains fluid called ________________.

Answer 27

Perilymph

Question 28

It is a bony spiral canal that resembles the shape of a snail, making 3 complete turns.

Answer 28

Cochlea

Question 29

3 compartments of the cochlear canal

Answer 29

Scala vestibule Scala tympani Scala media/Cochlear duct

Question 30

The upper passage above the bony partition and ends at the oval window.

Answer 30

Scala vestibule

Question 31

The lower compartment below the bony partition and ends at the round window.

Answer 31

Scala tympani

Question 32

Lies between the scala vestibule and scala tympanic

Answer 32

Scala media/Cochlear duct

Question 33

It separates the cochlear duct from the scala tympani.

Answer 33

Basilar membrane

Question 34

It separates the cochlear duct from the scala vestibule.

Answer 34

Vestibular membrane

Question 35

An organ of hearing which consists of epithelial cells, supporting cells and hair cells.

Answer 35

Organ of Corti/Spiral Organ

Question 36

Receptors for auditory sensation

Answer 36

The Hair cells

Question 37

Is an oval central portion of the bony labyrinth.

Answer 37

Vestibule

Question 38

What are the two sac found in the membranous labyrinth in the vestibule?

Answer 38

Utricle Saccule

Question 39

"Little bag"

Answer 39

Utricle

Question 40

"Little sac"

Answer 40

Saccule

Question 41

The walls of the utricle and saccule contained thickened regions called____________.

Answer 41

Maculae

Question 42

2 kinds of cells in the maculae

Answer 42

Hair cells Supporting cells

Question 43

These supporting cells in the maculae secrete the thick, gelatinous glycoprotein called___________________ which is covered by __________.

Answer 43

otholithic membrane otholits

Question 44

3 tubes/ canals named based on their position

Answer 44

Semicircular canals

Question 45

What are the 3 canals/tubes of the semicircular canals?

Answer 45

Anterior Posterior Lateral

Question 46

One end of each canal enlarges into ____________ (saclike duct)

Answer 46

Ampulla

Question 47

Small elevation in the Ampulla

Answer 47

Cristae

Question 48

Receptors for dynamic equilibrium

Answer 48

Cristae

Question 49

The ampulla contains what cells?

Answer 49

Hair cells Supporting cells

Question 50

These cells are covered by cupula

Answer 50

Supporting cells

Question 51

A mass of gelatinous materials displaced by fluid movement within the semicircular canals.

Answer 51

Cupula

Question 52

Series of sac and tubes found inside the bony labyrinth. Contains the oval and round windows.

Answer 52

Membranous labyrinth

Question 53

The membranous labyrinth contains a fluid called _________________.

Answer 53

Endolymph

Question 54

It is associated with the vestibule and involved in evaluating the position of the head in relation to gravity.

Answer 54

Static equilibrium

Question 55

It is associated with the semicircular canals and involved in evaluating the changes in the rate of head movement.

Answer 55

Kinetic/Dynamic equilibrium