Healthy Lifestyle Flashcards
What are carbohydrates used for?
They provide energy
What are lipids used for?
Provide energy, insulation and protection for organs
What are proteins used for?
Used for growth and repair
What are vitamins used for?
Keep you healthy
What are minerals used for?
Keep you healthy
What is water needed for?
is needed in all cells and body fluids
What is fibre needed for?
Provides bulk to food and keeps it moving in the gut
Why do you need vitamin A?
Good eyesight
Why do you need vitamin D?
Healthy teeth and bones
What chemcial tests for starch?
Iodine
What is the positive test for starch?
The iodine will turn blue/black
What chemical tests for lipids?
Ethanol
What is the positive test for lipids?
The ethanol turns cloudy when mixed with water
What chemical tests for protein?
Add copper sulfate and sodium hydroxide (or Biuret solution)
What is the positive test for protein?
The solution will turn purple
What chemical tests for sugar?
Add Benedict’s solution
What is the positive test for sugar?
The solution will turn orange-red
What unit do we measure energy in?
Joules or kilojoules
If you consistently do not eat enough food it could lead to?
starvation
If you consistently overly eat enough food it could lead to?
obesity
Being underweight could lead to the following symptoms:
poor immune system, lack of energy, lack of vitamins or minerals
Being overweight could lead to the following symptoms:
Increased risk of heart disease, stroke, diabetes and some cancers
What does deficiency mean?
When you do not have enough of a vitamin or mineral
What is vitamin A deficiency called?
Night blindness
What is vitamin D deficiency called?
Ricketts
What is the digestive system?
A group of organs that work together to break down food
What is digestion?
Where large molecules are broken into smaller molecules
Where does food enter?
The mouth
What do scientist call the tube food goes down?
The gullet
Where is food mixed with digestive juices and acids?
The stomach
What part of the digestive system adds juices from the liver and the pancreas. Small molecules will pass through the wall of this.
Small intestine
What part of the digestive system allows water to be passed back into the body leaving undigested food?
Large intestine
This is where faeces are stored until they leave the body
Rectum
This is a muscular ring through which faeces pass out of the body
Anus
What is an enzyme?
Special proteins that can break large molecules of nutrients into small molecules
What is the enzyme for protein?
Protease
What are proteins broken down into?
Amino acids
What is the enzyme for starch?
Carbohydrase (Amylase)
What is starch broken down into?
Sugars
What is the enzyme for fats?
Lipase
What are fats broken down into?
Fatty acids and glycerol
What is a catalyst?
A substance that speeds up a reaction
What role does bacteria play in our gut?
They make important vitamins such as vitamin K
What are drugs
Chemical substances that affect the way your body works
What are medicinal drugs?
Drugs used in medicine
What are recreational drugs?
Drugs people take for enjoyment
What is paracetamol taken for?
Pain relief
What are antibiotics used for?
To treat infections
Name a legal recreational drugs
Alcohol or tobacco
What is drug addiction?
The dependency on a drug to feel normal
What is a withdrawal symptom?
Symptoms when someone stops taking a drug
