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Solihull School - Shells > Health and Lifestyle FULL > Flashcards

Health and Lifestyle FULL Flashcards

1
Q

What are carbohydrates used for?

A

They provide energy

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2
Q

What are lipids used for?

A

Provide energy, insulation and protection for organs

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3
Q

What are proteins used for?

A

Used for growth and repair

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4
Q

What are vitamins used for?

A

Keep you healthy

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5
Q

What are minerals used for?

A

Keep you healthy

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6
Q

What is water needed for?

A

is needed in all cells and body fluids

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7
Q

What is fibre needed for?

A

Provides bulk to food and keeps it moving in the gut. It cannot be digested.

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8
Q

Why do you need vitamin A?

A

Good eyesight

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9
Q

Why do you need vitamin D?

A

Healthy teeth and bones

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10
Q

What chemcial tests for starch?

A

Iodine

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11
Q

What is the positive test for starch?

A

The iodine will turn blue/black

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12
Q

What chemical tests for lipids?

A

Ethanol

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13
Q

What is the positive test for lipids?

A

The ethanol turns cloudy when mixed with water

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14
Q

What chemical tests for protein?

A

Add copper sulfate and sodium hydroxide (or Biuret solution)

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15
Q

What is the positive test for protein?

A

The solution will turn purple

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16
Q

What chemical tests for sugar?

A

Add Benedict’s solution

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17
Q

What is the positive test for sugar?

A

The solution will turn orange-red

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18
Q

What unit do we measure energy in?

A

Joules or kilojoules

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19
Q

If you consistently do not eat enough food it could lead to?

A

starvation

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20
Q

If you consistently overly eat enough food it could lead to?

A

obesity

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21
Q

Being underweight could lead to the following symptoms:

A

poor immune system, lack of energy, lack of vitamins or minerals

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22
Q

Being overweight could lead to the following symptoms:

A

Increased risk of heart disease, stroke, diabetes and some cancers

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23
Q

What does deficiency mean?

A

When you do not have enough of a vitamin or mineral

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24
Q

What is vitamin A deficiency called?

A

Night blindness

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25
Q

What is vitamin D deficiency called?

A

Ricketts

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26
Q

What is the digestive system?

A

A group of organs that work together to break down food

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27
Q

What is digestion?

A

Where large molecules are broken into smaller molecules

28
Q

Where does food enter?

A

The mouth

29
Q

What do scientist call the tube food goes down?

A

The gullet

30
Q

Where is food mixed with digestive juices and acids?

A

The stomach

31
Q

What part of the digestive system adds juices from the liver and the pancreas. Small molecules will pass through the wall of this.

A

Small intestine

32
Q

What part of the digestive system allows water to be passed back into the body leaving undigested food?

A

Large intestine

33
Q

This is where faeces are stored until they leave the body

A

Rectum

34
Q

This is a muscular ring through which faeces pass out of the body

A

Anus

35
Q

What is an enzyme?

A

Special proteins that can break large molecules of nutrients into small molecules

36
Q

What is the enzyme for protein?

A

Protease

37
Q

What are proteins broken down into?

A

Amino acids

38
Q

What is the enzyme for starch?

A

Carbohydrase (Amylase)

39
Q

What is starch broken down into?

A

Sugars

40
Q

What is the enzyme for fats?

A

Lipase

41
Q

What are fats broken down into?

A

Fatty acids and glycerol

42
Q

What is a catalyst?

A

A substance that speeds up a reaction

43
Q

What role does bacteria play in our gut?

A

They make important vitamins such as vitamin K

44
Q

What are drugs

A

Chemical substances that affect the way your body works

45
Q

What are medicinal drugs?

A

Drugs used in medicine to improve health or treat a disease

46
Q

What are recreational drugs?

A

Drugs people take for enjoyment

47
Q

What is paracetamol taken for?

A

Pain relief

48
Q

What are antibiotics used for?

A

To treat infections

49
Q

Name a legal recreational drugs

A

Alcohol or tobacco

50
Q

What is drug addiction?

A

The dependency on a drug to feel normal

51
Q

What is a withdrawal symptom?

A

Symptoms when someone stops taking a drug

52
Q

What does alcohol contain?

A

Ethanol

53
Q

What do we call drugs that slow down your body’s reactions?

A

Depressants

54
Q

State 4 dangers of drinking alchohol

A

Stomach ulcers, heart disease, brain damage and liver damage

55
Q

What happens to your liver when it breaks down alchohol?

A

It gets scarred

56
Q

What happens if a pregnant women drinks?

A

Increases the risk of miscarriage, stillbirth, premature birth and low-birth-weight babies

57
Q

What is fetal alcohol syndrome?

A

Where a mother drinks during pregancy. It can lead to learning difficulties, facial problems and poor immune systems.

58
Q

What four problems can smoking increase the chances of?

A

Breathing problems, cancer, heart attacks and strokes

59
Q

What is passive smoking?

A

Breathing in other peoples smoke

60
Q

State two respiratory illnesses

A

Bronchitis and pneumonia

61
Q

What is a stimulant

A

A drug that speeds up the nervous system

62
Q

State an example of a stimulant found in cigarettes

A

Tobacco

63
Q

What is emphysema?

A

A lung disease that affects the alveoli in your lungs.

64
Q

What are cillia?

A

Cillia sweep mucus into your stomach- keeping your airway clean

65
Q

What is mucus?

A

A sticky substance designed to trap bacteria

66
Q

Why is a build up of mucus bad?

A

The mucus goes into your lungs - making it harder to breathe and could cause an infection

67
Q

Why might you get a build up of mucus?

A

Tar in cigarettes stops the cillia moving

Solihull School - Shells (7 decks)

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