Healthy Diet

Question 1

Name the 7 components of a healthy diet.

Answer 1

Carbohydrates

Fats

Proteins

Fibre

Water

Vitamins

Minerals

Question 2

Why do we need:

1. Carbohydrates
2. Proteins
3. Lipids/Fats
4. Fibre

Answer 2

1. carbohydrates - energy store
2. Proteins - growth and repair
3. Lipids/fats: insulation and energy store
4. Fibre : roughage (helps move waste out of gut)

Question 3

Name 5 organs in the digestive system.

Answer 3

1. Stomach
2. Pancreas
3. Liver
4. Small intestine
5. Large intestine

Question 4

Name 3 health problems associated with being overweight.

Answer 4

1. Diabetes
2. heart disease
3. Stroke
4. some cancer

Question 5

What does the term ‘balanced diet’ mean?

Answer 5

It means the correct amount of the right nutrients.

Question 6

How is the small intestine adapted to absorbing more nutrients?

Answer 6

It has finger-like projections called villi which increase the surface area.

Question 7

What do the following enzymes break down and what are the products?

1. Protease
2. Carbohydrase
3. Lipase

Answer 7

1. Protease - breaks proteins into amino acids
2. Carbohydrase- breaks carbohydrates into sugar
3. Lipase- breaks fats into fatty acid and glycerol

Question 8

What happens to food during digestion?

Answer 8

It gets broken down by enzymes

into smaller molecules which can be absorbed into the body

Question 9

Food tests

Describe the colour changes and what food type each indicator tests for:

1. Benedict’s

2. Biurets

3. Iodine

4. Filter paper

Answer 9

Benedict’s: Add 3 drops to the food and then heat. If the food contains glucose it will change from blue to green/orange.

Biurets: Add 3 drops to the food solution; if it turns from blue to lilac it contains protein.

Iodine: Add 3 drops to the food sample and if it turns from brown to black it contains starch.

Filter paper: rub fat on the paper; if it goes see-through it is fat.

Question 10

What is a recreational drug?

Answer 10

A drug taken for:

enjoyment

to help relax

or to stay awake.

Question 11

What do the following terms mean?

1. Addiction
2. Withdrawal symptoms

Answer 11

1. Addiction- you need to keep taking the drug to feel ‘normal’.
2. Withdrawal symptoms – symptoms when stopping taking an addictive drug.

Question 12

What are enzymes?

Answer 12

Biological catalysts

Question 13

How can smoking damage your health?

Answer 13

It can cause diseases such as emphysema, heart disease and some cancers.

Question 14

What does passive smoking mean?

Answer 14

Taking in cigarette smoke that someone else has breathed out.

Question 15

What is in tobacco smoke?

Answer 15

Tar

nicotine

carbon monoxide

Question 16

Describe some of the effect of alcohol on the body. Is it a depressant or stimulant?

Answer 16

• Alcohol is a depressant because it slows down your heart rate and body reactions.
• It can cause people to lose control of their muscles.

Question 17

Why shouldn’t pregnant women drink alcohol?

Answer 17

It increases the risk of:

miscarriage

stillbirth

premature birth

low-birth weight babies