Healthcare Ethics Flashcards
Legal standards in HC
the minimal standard of action
Actions can be….
legal but not ethical
Ethics
right and wrong choices as perceived by society and individuals
Medical ethics
decisions HC providers make on patient’s medical treatment
Bioethics
field of study for ethical implications of certain biologic, medical procedures, technologies
HC ethical dilemmas
problem, situation, opportunity requires individual or organization to choose action that could be unethical
AMA created code of ethics for
Physicians
American Nurse Association (ANA) made code of ethics for
Nurses
The American college HC execs (ACHE) made a code of ethics for
Healthcare executives
Developing code of ethics
- Memorable Title
- Leadership Letter
- TOC
- Intro
- Organization core values
- Code Provisions
- Information and Resources
Who develops standards for workplace bullying
The Joint Commission
Who developed ethics for managed care
American college of Physicians & Harvard Pilgrim HC Ethics program
Lateral violence
“nurse to nurse”
4 models for doctor-patient relationships
- Engineering model: The provider empowers the patient with the knowledge to make decision
- Priestly model: Assumes the doctor will make the best decisions for patient’s health
- Contractual model: legal foundation assumes agreement between 2 parties with mutual goals
- Collegial model: Assumes trust between patient and doctor, decision making is an equal process
Suggested Ethical Values for Doctor-Patient values
-Autonomy: Doctors must respect patient decisions even when they differ
-Beneficence: The patient’s best interest when making a decision is are primary
-Non-Malfeasance: HC providers will cause no harm when taking action
-Justice: HC providers will make fair decisions
-Dignity: Patients should be treated with respect and dignity
Physicians Payment Sunshine Act
Part of the ACA, requires medicines, medical devices, and HC products, with relationships with Medicaid & Medicare to submit report annually in payment and value items
Pharm Research & Manufacturing of America made a code of ethics for
Pharmacists
Paternalism
Concern individual freedom will be restricted for the sake of public health
-Stewardship model address this
Effectiveness
essential to demonstrating public health efforts are successful and therefore limit of freedom
Proportionality
public health intervention outweighs personal freedom therefore it is warranted
Minimal infringement
should be considered first
Public health must provide
public education
Ethical research principals outlined in
Institutional Review Boards (IRBs)
Common Rule
elements include a written statement including purpose, duration of study, procedures, if experimental, foreseen risks and benefits, and alternate procedures
Preimplantation genetic disorder
Used to test embryo for tissue compatibility with siblings prior to transplant
Stem cells
“starter cells” for tissue before assigned specific tissue
