Health vs. Disease Flashcards
What is physiology
The way a living organism and its components function normally
What is structure?
The way a human body is put together
Define pathophysiology
The structural and functional changes that occur because of an injury, disease, or disorder
What is health?
Physical, mental, and social well-being
If you are not sick are you healthy?
No, health is not just absence of disease but also presence of well-being
Define disease
A deviation from normal structure or function of 1 or multiple body structures
Does disease have to have a known cause?
No, it can have no known cause, multiple causes, or a known cause
What is the difference between a disease and a syndrome?
A syndrome has a predictable pattern and characteristic manifestations of signs and symptoms. A syndrome may even have multiple diseases as its presentation. A disease describes the actual impaired structure or function
What does etiology mean?
The cause of a disease
What does a multi factorial etiology mean?
Multiple factors or events can cause or contribute to a disease?
What is an example of a multi factorial disease?
Alzheimer’s disease
What is an idiopathic disease?
A disease with no known etiology
What is a nosocomial disease?
A disease caused by exposure to a healthcare setting
Give an example of a nosocomial disease
A bacterial infection after a stay in the hospital
What is a Iatrogenic disease?
A disease that is caused by a medical treatment
What is the difference between a nosocomial disease and an iatrogenic one?
A nosocomial disease is caused by exposure to a healthcare environment and a iatrogenic disease is actually due to the treatment. For example, a drug that has hypotension as a side effect would be iatrogenic not nosocomial
What is pathogenesis?
How a disease process evolves
What is a risk factor?
Something that increases the probability of experiencing a adverse health outcome
What is a precipitating factor
An agent that promotes or triggers a clinical manifestation
Compare sign and symptom
A sign is objective and observable. A symptom is subjective, unverifiable, and reported by the patient
What is a local disease
A manifestation is only found in one body area near the site of the disease
Define systemic
Manifestations are present throughout the body and are not confined to one area
What is an acute condition?
A condition that begins abruptly and only lasts a short time
What is a chronic condition?
A condition that begins slowly and lasts a long time or never goes away
What is remission
A period of time where manifestations are reduced or absent
What is exacerbation?
A period of time where disease manifestations are increased
What is asymptomatic?
No symptoms even though the disease is present
What is morbidity?
A negative outcome due to disease that negatively impacts quality of life
What is a complication?
An adverse extension of a disease or outcome from treatment of a disease
What is sequelae?
An impairment that follows a disease state or injury. This is a consequence of, but different from, the original disease
Mortality
Death
Prognosis
The expected progress of the disease
What is primary prevention?
Care that prevents a disease condition from occurring EX: a vaccine when you do not have a disease
What is secondary prevention?
Early detection and treatment of a disease through screening programs when the disease may already be present EX: a biopsy of a possible cancerous spot, a lung CT of smokers
What is tertiary prevention?
The treatment and rehab of a patient after diagnosis of a disease
What is a difference between the leading causes of death in the US and developing countries?
The US and high income countries have higher communicable diseases and more diseases associated with the aging process
Are life expectancies equal across the US?
No, there are still a lot of resource disparities
