Health, Stress and Coping

Question 1

Health Psychology

Answer 1

On how people stay healthy and what causes them to become ill.

Bidirectional relationship between mental and physical health

Question 2

Biopsychosocial model of health

Answer 2

-Biological
-Psychological
-Social

Question 3

Most preventable health problems occur from how we live our life

Question 4

Psychological factors that influence health

Answer 4

Positive:

-Exercise
-Healthy eating
-keeping up with check ups
-Dental hygiene
-Safe sexual practice

Negatives:

-Disordered eating
-Alcohol and substance abuse
-Smoking
-Unsafe sexual practices
-Excessive exposure to sun

Question 5

Health Belief Theory

Answer 5

Health related behaviour is influenced by these 5 factors. How a person will deal with health, as influenced by…

-Perceived susceptibility
-Perceived severity
-Benefits and Barriers to action (Expectancy-value lmao)
-Cues to action
-Self-efficacy (Protection Motivation Theory)

Question 6

Theory of Reasoned Action

Answer 6

Aims to explain behaviour through a social-cognitive position

Intention: Is the closest influence to the behaviour. Behavioural intentions serve a function for two components; Attitudes towards the behaviour and preconceived subjective norms

Question 7

Theory of Planned Behaviour

Answer 7

Exactly as theory of reasoned action, except it adds self-efficacy. The previous theories introduced did not consult actioning self.

-Perceived Behavioural Control

Question 8

Transtheoretical

Answer 8

Prochaska and Clemente. 1984. Proposes that people may not chamge when they are not ready to do so.

1. Precontemplation. Not considering changing behaviour and may not be aware
2. Contemplation. Considering taking action to a problem they now know exists.
3. Preparation. Small habits are being made to prepare.
4. Action. Lasts approximately 6 months to ensure behavioural change
5. Maintenance.

Question 9

Barriers to Health promotion

Answer 9

-Unrealistic Optimism
-Health-compromising behaviour
-Health-promoting behaviour
-Family
-Health systems
-Community. cultural, etc

Question 10

Stress

Answer 10

subjective experience
Challenges inner and outer demands, and once too far can compromise coping abilities

Question 11

Stress Appraisal. Lazarus

Answer 11

Primary appraisal- What is the situation? Stressful, benign or irrelevant?

Secondary appraisal- How do I respond to this stress?

Question 12

Lazarus 3 types of Stress

Answer 12

-Harm or Loss
-Threat
-Challenge

Question 13

Social Re-adjustment rating scale

Question 14

Acculturative Stress

Answer 14

Stess when entering a new culture/

Question 15

Catastrophes

Question 16

Daily hassles

Question 17

General Adaptive Syndrome. Selye 1956

Answer 17

Stress responses as follows

1. Alarm
2. Resistance. Coping begins.
3. Exhaustion.

Question 18

Cohen 1991 Stress experiment

Question 19

Types of Coping

Answer 19

-Problem-focused coping
-Emotion-focused coping (addressing psychological consequences)
-Social support (Buffering and Direct)

Question 20

Optimistic people are more likely to seek social support