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CHN > Health Statistics and Epidemiology > Flashcards

Health Statistics and Epidemiology Flashcards

1
Q

the science which deals with the
study of the human population’s size,
composition.

A

Demography

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2
Q

refers to the number of people in a
given place or area at a given time.

A

Population size

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3
Q

Demography information can be obtained from

A

Census
Sample surveys
Registration systems

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4
Q

an official and periodic enumeration of
population.

A

CENSUS

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5
Q

method is done when people are
assigned to the place where they usually live regardless of where they are at the time of census

A

de jure

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6
Q

method is used, the people are
assigned to the place where they are physically present at the time of the census regardless of their usual place of residence

A

de facto

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7
Q

demographic information can
still be collected from a sample of a given
population

A

Sample survey

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8
Q

such that collected by the
civil registrar’s office deal with recording of vital events in the community

A

Registration system

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9
Q

refer to births, deaths, marriage,
divorces.

A

Vital events

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10
Q

Methods of measuring the population size:

A

NATURAL INCREASE
RATE OF NATURAL INCREASE
ABSOLUTE INCREASE
RELATIVE INCREASE

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11
Q

the difference between the Crude birth Rate and the Crude Death Rate occurring in a population in a specified period of time

A

RATE OF NATURAL INCREASE

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12
Q

simply the difference between the number of births and the number of deaths occurring in a population in a specified period of time.

A

NATURAL INCREASE

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13
Q

measures the number of people that are added to the population per year

A

ABSOLUTE INCREASE

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14
Q

the actual difference between the two census counts expressed in percent relative to the population size made during an earlier census.

A

RELATIVE INCREASE

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15
Q

It is commonly described in terms of its age and sex

A

POPULATION COMPOSITION

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16
Q

Population composition is composed of?

A

Sex
Age
Sex and Age

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17
Q

2 ways to describe the age composition

A

Median age
Dependency ratio

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18
Q

It compares the number of economically dependent people with the economically productive group in the population.

A

Dependency ratio

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19
Q

The age and sex composition of the
population can be described at the same
time using a ________

A

Population pyramid

20
Q

Population Distribution is composed of:

A

Urban Rural distribution
Crowning index
Population density

21
Q

illustrates the proportion of the people living in urban areas compared to the rural areas.

A

Urban-rural distribution

22
Q

will describe the ease by which
a communicable disease will be transmitted from one host to another susceptible host.

A

Crowding index

23
Q

determines how congested a place is

A

Population density

24
Q

a tool in estimating the extent or magnitude of health needs and problems in the community.

A

Vital Statistics

25
Q

Common Vital Statistics indicators:

A

Crude birth rate
Infant mortality rate
Maternal mortality rate
Specific Mortality rate

26
Q

a measure of one characteristic of the natural growth or increase of a population.

A

Crude Birth Rate

27
Q

measure the risk of dying during the 1st year of life.

A

Infant Mortality Rate

28
Q

measure the risk of dying from car related to pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium.

A

Maternal Mortality Rate

29
Q

describes more accurately the risk of exposure of certain classes or groups to particular disease

A

Specific Mortality Rate

30
Q

the study of the distribution and determinants of health – related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to the prevention and control of health problems

A

EPIDEMIOLOGY

31
Q

refers to the number of health
events, such as the number of cases of
pneumonia or diabetes in a population.

A

Frequency

32
Q

refers to the occurrence of health condition or disease by time, place and person.

A

Pattern

33
Q

are used to study both communicable and none communicable diseases, and other health-related states or events

A

Epidemiologic methods

34
Q

period between exposure and infection

A

Latent Period

35
Q

the period between exposure and onset or clinical symptoms.

A

Incubation Period

36
Q

The host may become infectious (i.e. able to transmit the pathogen to other hosts) at any moment of the infection (depending on the pathogen).

A

Infectious Period

37
Q

It is the traditional model for infectious communicable diseases.

A

The epidemiologic triad or triangle

38
Q

refers to infectious microorganism or
pathogens

A

Agent

39
Q

refers to a disease that occurs
infrequently and irregularly.

A

Sporadic

40
Q

refers to the constant presence and/or
usual prevalence of a disease or infectious agent in a population within a geographic area

A

Endemic

41
Q

refers to persistent, high levels of
disease occurrence.

A

Hyperendemic

42
Q

refers to an increase, often sudden, in
the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in that population in that area

A

Epidemic

43
Q

carries the same definition of
epidemic, but is often used for a more limited geographic area.

A

Outbreak

44
Q

an aggregation of cases grouped in place and time that are suspected to be greater than the number expected, even though the expected number may not be known

A

Cluster

45
Q

an epidemic that has spread over several countries or continents, usually affecting a large number of people.

A

Pandemic

CHN (2 decks)

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