Health Screenings

Question 1

Preventative Care

Answer 1

health services like SCREENINGS, CHECK-UPS, and patient counseling that are used to prevent diseases and other health problems or to detect illness at an early state when treatment is likely to work best

Question 2

Levels of Preventative Care

Answer 2

Primary, Secondary, Tertiary

Question 3

Primary

Answer 3

SUSCEPTIBLE POPULATION

• an intervention that prevents thee disease process from ever beginning

PREVENT

Question 4

Secondary

Answer 4

ASYMPTOMATIC POPULATION

• an intervention that identifies and stops a disease early on in the disease process before the individual even realizes anything is wrong

SCREENINGS

Question 5

Tertiary

Answer 5

SYMPTOMATIC POPULATION

• an intervention that is used for individuals who already have clinical signs of the disease, attempting to cure, decrease morbidity, and decrease mortality and improve QOL

TREATMENT

Question 6

U.S Preventative Services Task Force

Answer 6

USPSTF was created in 1984 to improve the health of Americans

consists of a group of experts (16 volunteer members) in prevention and evidence-based medicine –> serving 4 year terms

Question 7

USPSTF Recommendations

Answer 7

• screenings
• counseling services
• preventative medications

Question 8

How are USPSTF Recommendations assigned?

Answer 8

Based on a letter grade (A, B, C, D, or I)
- A and B are indicating recommended
- C depends on patient situation
- D is not recommended
- I is not enough evidence

weights the benefits and harms

Question 9

USPSTF A and B Recommendations

Answer 9

Hypertension (A)
- Adults > 18 yo
- if 18-39 = every 3-5 years
- if 40 older = annually

Prediabets/Diabetes (B)
- Adults 35-70 yo + overweight/obese
- every 3 years

Hepatitis C (B)
- Adults 18-79 yo
- most adults = one time screening
- high risk = periodically

HIV (A)
- Non pregnant 15-65 yo = insufficient evidence
- Pregnant = 3rd trimester

Tobacco Use (A)
- Adults > 18 yo
- every health visit like a vital sign

Question 10

Hypertension/Diabetes Stats

Answer 10

1/2 (120 mil) have high blood pressure

28.7 million have diabetes
8.3 million have un-diagnosed diabetes

Question 11

Blood Pressure Screening

Answer 11

Technique
- feet flat on floor
- been sitting for 5 minutes
- arm at heart level, palm face up
- > 2 readings obtained on > 2 occasions

outside of clinical setting (at home) readings are recommended to confirm diagnosis

Question 12

POC Testing

Answer 12

• performing diagnostic test outside of laboratory that produces a rapid and reliable result

Question 13

Types of POC Testing

Answer 13

blood glucose
A1c
lipids
Hepatitis C
HIV
COVID-19

Question 14

Overweight vs Obese

Answer 14

Overweight: BMI 25 to 29

Obese: BMI > 30

DOES NOT TAKE SEX OR AGE INTO CONSIDERATION

Question 15

Diabetes Screening

Answer 15

Fasting Blood Glucose
- fast for > 8 hrs
- measures BG at time of testing

A1c
- does not require fasting
- measures average BG levels for previous 3 months