Health Screening Flashcards
Heart Rate
Where is the hearts apex
Between 5th and 6th rib anteriorly
Heart Rate
Auscultation (heart sounds)
S1 (Lub)= AV valves closing
S2 (Dub)= Semilunar valves closing
Heart Rate
What is the difference between heart rate and pulse?
Heart rate is the number of times the heart goes through a full cycle in 1 minute.
Pulse rate is measured in elastic arteries.
Heart Rate
What is heart rate?
What is maximal heart rate?
What is a normal resting heart rate?
Heart rate is the number of cardiac cycles the heart completes in 1 minute.
Maximum= 220-age
Normal= 60-80bpm
Heart rate
Heart rate variances
Bradycardia- resting HR <60bpm
Tachycardia- resting HR >100bpm
Fibrillation- irregular heart beat (AKA arrhythmia)
Blood pressure
What are the two circulation systems?
Systemic circulation-arteries take blood from the heart to the muscles/tissues and then back to the heart via Vena Cava.
Pulmonary circulation- blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart.
Blood pressure
What is “normal” blood pressure?
120 over 80
(Systolic over diastolic)
Blood pressure
What is considered hypertensive BP?
Any values above 140 over 90
Respiration rate
What is normal breathing rate?
12-20 breaths per minute
Respiration rate
Abnormal breathing sounds
Wheezing and crackling
Respiration rate
Which receptor controls breathing rate?
Chemoreceptors:
Detect CO2, O2 and pH levels
Oxygen saturation
How much O2 does the blood carry?
Approximately 20ml attached to Haemoglobin (very small amount dissolved in the blood)
Oxygen saturation
What is normal oxygen saturation?
Above 95%
Typically 98-100%
Oxygen saturation
How do you measure oxygen saturation?
A pulse oximeter
Oxygen saturation
When is oxygen saturation level a concern?
When it goes below 90%
