Health Screening Flashcards
What is health?
- Optimal well-being that contributes to one’s quality of life.
- Freedom of disease, illness, mental and physical wellbeing.
What is homeostasis?
Is a stable internal body environment.
What are the characteristics of homeostasis?
- Nutrients
- Oxygen
- Water
What causes the imbalance of homeostasis?
- Disease
- Ageing
- Trauma
What can be used to measure vital signs?
- Respiratory rate
- Body temperature
- Pulse rate
- Blood pressure
Where is the heart located?
Deep in the sternum slightly to the left of the midline in the chest cavity.
Where is the most accurate place to check heart rate?
Where the apex is resting against the anterior chest wall.
What are the auscultation locations?
- Aortic valve
- Pulmonary valve
- Tricuspid valve
- Mitral valve
What is heart rate?
The number of times the heart goes through a full cardiac cycle in a minute.
Where can you find your pulse?
- Carotid artery
- Brachial artery
- Radial artery
- Femoral artery
- Dorsalis pedis
- Posterior tibial
What is the normal heart rate of an adult?
60-80 bpm
What is the normal heart rate of an infant?
140-160bpm
What are the variances of cardiovascular disease?
- Bradycardia (too slow)
- Tachycardia (too fast)
- Fibrillation (irregular)
What is the maximum heart rate?
220-age
What are the 5 types of blood vessels
- Arteries
- Arterioles
- Capillaries
- Venules
- Veins
What are the 2 types of circulations?
- Systemic
- Pulmonary
What is systolic blood pressure?
The pressure generated by ventricular contractions and the highest pressure achieved in the large arteries.
What is diastolic blood pressure?
The pressure achieved during ventricular relaxation and the lowest pressure in the large arteries.
What can influence blood pressure?
- Vessel diameter
- Blood viscosity
- Vessel length
What are the 3 abnormal blood pressures?
- High
- Low
- Postural hypotension
How can you ensure accurate blood pressure testing?
- Good technique
- Regular re-calibration
- Relaxed environment (quiet) (temp)
How do you measure blood pressure?
- Apply the cuff to the left arm
- Place the stethoscope over the brachial artery
- Inflate pump
- Release the gauge to deflate the cuff
- Listen to the brachial artery
- Note the first and last sound
120/80
SPB/DPB
How do you regulate respiration rate?
Chemoreceptors
What are the three chemical factors influencing respiration rate?
- C02
- 02
- pH
