Health Science Theory Flashcards
What is penicillin?
1st antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections, discovered by Alexander Fleming
Mass-produced medical books and spread information quickly
Printing press
To make accurate conclusions based on observations and note-taking
Scientific method
Invented and improved by Van Leeuwenhoek
Microscope
Father of antiseptic surgery and used soap to disinfect instrument and clean hands
Joseph Lister
The first to observe bacteria and protozoa
Antoine van Leeukenhoek
Founded the american red cross
Clara Barton
Discovered and made vaccines for small pox
Edward Jenner
Father of Western medicine and wrote the Hippocratic oath (a prime to practice medicine honestly)
Hippocrates
Developed the 1st vaccine for doctors and anthrax and developed the pasteurization of milk and wine
Louis Pasteur
Invented the modern microscope and discovered plant cells
Robert Hooke
A fixed amount you pay for a covered healthcare service
Copay
The cost you must pay out of pocket before your insurance company begins covering your expenses
Deductible
Health maintenance organization that provides prepaid healthcare at a flat rate
HMO
Preferred provider organizations that contract with a network of preferred providers
PPO
The amount you must be paid for your health insurance or plan
Premium
A system that distributes financial benefits to retired or disabled people, their spouses, and dependent children
Social Security
Insurance plan offered to active military members, retirees, and their families
TRICARE
Form of government insurance that provides wage replacement and medical benefits for employees injured while at work
Worker’s Comp
CDC
Centers for Disease Control
FDA
Food and Drug Administration
NIH
National Institutes of Health
OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
How many credit hours do you get in community college?
60 Credit Hours
How many credit hours do you get in a university?
120 Credit Hours
The skull, ears, neck, back, ribcage, vertebrae, sacrum, tailbone, and sternum are apart of which skeleton?
Axial
The pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle, femur, tibia, fibula, patella, tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges are apart of which skeleton?
Appendicular
These are functions of which system?
- Regulation of body temperature
- Production of vitamin D from sunlight
- Excretion of minor amounts of waste materials in sweat
- Transmission of sensory info for pain, touch, pressure, and temperature to the brain
Integumentary
Which gland produces sweat and is important to regulate body temperature?
Sudoriferous Gland
Which gland is responsible for depositing oily secretion of the hairs that cover the skin?
Sebaceous Gland
The mouth, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, large intestine, and anus are apart of which system?
Digestive System
Which body tissue holds body parts together and is found in bones, organs, muscles, nerves, and skin?
Connective
Which body tissue is found in skin, linings of internal organs and external body surfaces?
Epithelial
Which body tissue allows body to move, and is 3 types (skeletal, cardiac, and smooth)?
Muscle
Brady-
Slow
Arthr/o
Joint
Cardi/o
Heart
Col/o
Colon
Crani/o
Skull
Dermato/o
Skin
Gastr/o
Stomach
Hemat/o
Blood
Hepat/o
Liver
Hydro/o
Water
Inter-
Between
Neur/o-
Nerve
Rhin/o-
Nose
Tachy-
Fast
-ectomy
Surgical Removal
-itis
Inflammation
-logy
Study of
-ostomy
Surgical opening
-plasty
Surgical repair
-tomy
Cutting
TID
3 times a day
NPO
Nothing by mouth
Movement of limb away from median plane of body
Abduction
Movement of limb towards center of body
Adduction
Back portion of body
Dorsal
Movement that increases angle between 2 body parts
Extension
Bending an arm or leg
Flexion
Towards bottom or away from end of body
Inferioir
The side, away from, the middle of the body
Lateral
Towards middle or center
Medial
Lying face-down position
Prone
To the top or towards the head-end of the body
Superioir
Lying face-up position
Supine
Parts of body further away from center
Distal
Nearer to center or point of attachment to body
Proximal
Thickening or hardening of arteries caused by plaque buildup
Atherosclerosis
Developmental disorder that impairs communicative abilities
Autism
Sudden stop of the heart
Cardiac arrest
Conditions that affect movement and posture
Cerebral palsy
Highly contagious viral infection causing itchy, blister-like rash
Chicken pox
A cancer of the colon or rectum
Colorectal cancer
Disease that gets worse over time
Degenerative disease
Genetic chromosome 21 disorder causing developmental delays
Down syndrome
Conditions such as diseased vessels, structural problems, and blood clots
Heart disease
Happens when a weakened blood vessel ruptures
Hemorrhagic stroke
Occurs when blood clot blocks an artery leading to brain
Ischemic stroke
Highly contagious, serious airborne disease caused by a virus
Measles
Disease of children caused by vitamin D deficiency
Rickets
Condition where pancreas makes little or no insulin
Type 1 diabetes
Condition where body has trouble controlling blood sugar
Type 2 diabetes
Spread of cancer cells from where they first formed to another part of body
Metastasis
Blood vessels that carry blood away from heart
Arteries
Thin smooth membrane that lines the inside of heart chamber
Endocardium
Muscular tissue of heart
Myocardium
The double outer layer of heart
Periocardium
Partition separating two chambers between nostrils or heart
Septum
Blood vessel carriers blood to heart from tissues and organs
Veins
Blood returns to the heart through the ____ ______
Vena Cava
Blood goes through the tricuspid valve into the _____ _______
Left ventricle
The inherited protein that can be found on the surface of the red blood cell
Rh factor
Liquid majority part of the blood
Plasma
Small, colorless cel fragments in our blood that forms clots
Platelets
Universal donor
O+
Universal recipient
AB+
Normal range for temperature
97F-99F
Normal range for pulse
60-100 bpm
Normal range for respiration
12-20 bpm
Normal range for blood pressure
120/80
Ability to walk without the need for any kind of assistance
Ambulation
The science concerned with the ‘fit’ between people and their work
Ergonomics
What are the 2 most common types of fungi?
Yeast and mold
Makes and trains special white blood cells called T-cells
Thymus gland
An organism causing disease to its host
Pathogens
Microorganism organisms that can infect host
Virus
Eukaryotic organisms with rigid cell walls
Fungi
Carrier of disease-causing agent from infected to non infected
Vector
Use of antimicrobial agents onnonliving objects
Disinfection
Kills all microorganisms on a surface(autoclave)
Sterilization
Use of antimicrobial agents on objects, surfaces, or living tissue
Sanitation
The ability to avoid giving offense through your words and actions
Tact
5 C’s of communication
Clear, concise, consistent, credible, courteous
