HEALTH SCI QUIZ

Question 1

Endocardium*

Answer 1

Inner heart layer ( allows for smooth flow of the blood )

Question 2

Myocardium*

Answer 2

Middle heart layer ( Muscular; thickest layer )

Question 3

Epicardium*

Answer 3

Outermost layer of the heart (aka visceral pericardium)

Question 4

Pericardium

Answer 4

Double layered membrane or sac that covers the outside of the heart.

Question 5

Septum*

Answer 5

Separates heart into a right side and left side; prevents blood from moving between right and left sides

Question 6

Upper part of the septum

Answer 6

interatrial septum

Question 7

Lower part of the septum

Answer 7

interventricular septum

Question 8

Two upper chambers of the heart*

Answer 8

atria

Question 9

Two lower chambers of the heart*

Answer 9

ventricles

Question 10

the right atrium..

Answer 10

receives blood as it returns from the body cells; pumps blood into the right ventricle

Question 11

the right ventricle..

Answer 11

receives blood from the right atrium and pumps blood into the pulmonary artery (oxygenates the blood)

Question 12

pulmonary artery

Answer 12

carries blood to the lungs for oxygen

Question 13

left atrium..

Answer 13

receives oxygenated blood from the lungs

Question 14

the left ventricle..

Answer 14

receives blood from the left atrium and pumps the blood into the aorta for transfer to body cells

Question 15

One way valves

Answer 15

keep blood flowing in the right direction

Question 16

tricuspid valve

Answer 16

between right atrium and right ventricle; closes when right ventricle contracts, allowing blood to flow to the lungs w/o flowing back

Question 17

pulmonary valve

Answer 17

between right ventricle and pulmonary artery; vessel that carries blood to the lungs, closes when right ventricle is done contracting, prevents blood from flowing back to the right ventricle

Question 18

mitral valve

Answer 18

between the left and right atrium; closes when left venrticle is finished contracting

Question 19

FhisAortic valve

Answer 19

between the left ventricle and the aorta; largest artery in the body; closes when the left ventricle is finished contracting; allows blood to flow into the aorta, preventing blood from flowing back into the left ventricle

Question 20

Describe the pattern of blood flow through the heart

Answer 20

Deoxygenated blood flows: body → right atrium → right ventricle → lungs.
Oxygenated blood flows: lungs → left atrium → left ventricle → body.

Question 21

Aorta

Answer 21

Largest blood vessel in the body; transports oxygen rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body

Question 22

First step in Conductive Pathway

Answer 22

SA node in the right atrium creates an electrical signal that tells the atrial muscles to contract

Question 24

Second step of Conductive transfer

Answer 24

Signal moves to the AV node (nerve cells between atria and ventricles) slows the signal down so atria can finish pumping blood in the ventricles.

Question 25

Third step of Conductive Pathway

Answer 25

AV node signal travels down Bundle of His

Question 26

Bundle of His

Answer 26

Nerve fibers in the septum that carry impulses; Center of the heart.

Question 27

Fourth Step

Answer 27

The bundle splits into two ( one for right one fore left) and carry the signal to the bottom of the heart

Question 28

Fifth Step

Answer 28

signal spreads through thin fibers called the purkinje fivers, making the ventricles pump blood out to the body.

Question 29

Three main kinds of blood cells

Answer 29

Erythrocytes, Leukocytes, and Thrombocytes.

Question 30

Erythrocytes

Answer 30

red blood cells; contain hemoglobin

Question 31

Hemoglobin

Answer 31

carries oxygen and carbon dioxide; gives blood its color

Question 32

Leukocytes

Answer 32

white blood cells; fight infection by engulfing and destroying germs and pathogens

Question 33

Thrombocytes

Answer 33

aka platelets; fragments of cells that lack nuclei and vary in shape and size; main function is to stop bleeding by clotting.

Question 34

Anemia*

Answer 34

Inadequate number of red blood cells, low hemoglobin levels or both.

Question 35

Hypoxia

Answer 35

lack of oxygen supply

Question 36

Hemorrhage

Answer 36

Can cause rapid blood loss; acute blood loss anemia

Question 37

Iron deficiency anemia

Answer 37

When there's in inadequate amount of iron to form hemoglobin

Question 38

Aplastic Anemia

Answer 38

results from injury to the bone marrow; results in poor or no formation of blood cells

Question 39

Pernicious anemia

Answer 39

When the red blood cells are abnormally large in size,

Question 40

Sickle cell anemia

Answer 40

inherited disease; production of abnormally shaped red blood cells

Question 41

Atherosclerosis

Answer 41

Occurs when fatty plaques are deposited on the walls of the arteries, narrowing the arterial opening; reducing or eliminating blood flow

Question 42

Bypass surgey is used when...

Answer 42

arteries are completely blocked

Question 43

Phlebitis

Answer 43

inflammation of a vein

Question 44

Thrombus

Answer 44

blood clot

Question 45

Thrombophlebitis

Answer 45

when a thrombus forms in a vein deep within the muscle

Question 46

Congestive heart failure

Answer 46

occurs when the heart muscles do not beat adequately enough to supply blood needs to the body