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Mandatory Competencies > Health & Safety > Flashcards

Health & Safety Flashcards

1
Q

Name some legislation and statute that controls Health & Safety

A
  • Health & Safety at Work Act 1974
  • Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulation 2013 (RIDDOR)
  • The Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012
  • Fire (Scotland) Act 2005
  • The Working at Height Regulations 2005
  • Workplace (Health & Safety & Workplace) Regulations 1992
  • Occupiers Liability Act 1957
  • Lifting Operations & Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998
  • Construction (Design & Management) Regulations 2015
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2
Q

What is contained within your company’s Lone Working Policy?

A
  • Always have a fully charged mobile on you
  • Diary is open and up to date, with addresses and details of people you’re meeting
  • Letting people know where you are and when you’ll be back
  • Calling and checking in
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3
Q

What is the difference between a risk and a hazard?

A

A hazard is something that can cause harm. A risk is the likelihood of the hazard causing harm

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4
Q

What are the main differences made in the 2nd Edition of the RICS Guidance Note Surveying Safely?

A

Main differences:

  • Previously a UK only Guidance Note, now an international publication
  • It introduces the concept of a safe person
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5
Q

What is the purpose of the CDM Regulations?

A
  • To provide a statutory framework for managing H&S in construction work
  • To place a legal duty on those involved in the work
  • To ensure that H&S is considered during the design stage, and that hazards are identified early and eliminated/reduced
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6
Q

Why was there a requirement to update the CDM regulations in 2015?

A
  • The regulations were considered to be over-interpreted and therefore becoming more complicated than required
  • That the coordination of function for pre-construction had become a bureaucratic add-on, not giving adequate value
  • Persistence of unacceptable standards, particularly on smaller sites
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7
Q

Under the Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012, what make you a duty holder?

A
  • Own the building
  • Responsible for the building (via contract or tenancy)
  • Responsible not via contract
  • Multi-tenanted, you own and manage
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8
Q

If you are not a “duty holder” as defined by the Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012 are there any obligations place on you?

A

You must co-operate with the duty holder. For example, tenants are required to allow managing agents access for inspections

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9
Q

Why is asbestos dangerous?

A

Inhaling air that contains asbestos fibres can be extremely detrimental to health. It can cause a number of health conditions, mainly lung and heat cancers, and many people die still from exposure to asbestos despite the use having been banned for nearly 20 years. Asbestos related health condition generally take over 15 years to manifest, therefore reducing the exposure to people is the only way to prevent further hurt

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10
Q

What are the three most common types of Asbestos found in building?

A
  • Crocidolite (Blue)
  • Amosite (Brown)
  • Chrysotile (White)
    Blue and brown are more dangerous that white
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11
Q

What buildings would you expect to find asbestos containing materials (ACM) in?

A

Any building built or refurbished prior to the year 2000. I assume ACM is 2001 or older

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12
Q

In what situations are asbestos particles dangerous?

A

When they are in the air. If the asbestos is in good condition and is not disturbed or damage they the risk is negligible, but otherwise it is dangerous to health

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13
Q

Who are most at risk?

A

People who are likely to be disturbing asbestos in building are at a higher risk. Construction/demolition contractor, IT engineers/installers, and surveyors are some example of high risk people. Any one in close proximity to disturbed or poorly managed asbestos can be at risk

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14
Q

Name some common examples of places you would expect to find asbestos used?

A
  • Sprayed asbestos (fire protections to pipes and steel work)
  • Lagging (to pipework)
  • Asbestos insulating board (fire/thermal insulation, partitions, wall panels etc.)
  • Asbestos cement sheets (roof/wall coverings)
  • Textured coatings (ceiling and wall coverings)
  • Vinyl materials (bonding/floor and ceiling tiles etc.)
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15
Q

What types of ACM are more dangerous that others?

A

Materials with high asbestos content are more dangerous, and more likely to be easily damaged. For example, AIB contain up to 85% asbestos, and can be very easily damaged, the same for spray on coatings and lagging. They are also more likely to contain crocidolite/amosite that say a floor tile which is likley to contain chrysotile.

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16
Q

What does the duty to manage asbestos in the Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012 require a duty holder to do?

A
  • Establish if there is asbestos, where it is and its condition
  • Recording the location and condition of any asbestos (up to date)
  • Assessing the risk poses by any ACMs
  • Preparing a plan on how to manage the risk (Abestos Management Plan)
  • Implement the plan
  • Review and monitor the plan and the implementation of it
  • Ensuring that there a systems in place for providing the location and condition of any ACMs to anyone likely to disturb it
17
Q

If carrying out an inspection to establish the presence of ACMs within a building, what would trigger you to do more that record the location and condition?

A

If the condition of the ACM is poor you will be required to carry out remedial works to prevent people coming into contact with asbestos fibres

18
Q

How can you definitively confirm is asbestos is present or not?

A

The only way to know for certain is to have sample taken and testing carried out. This should only be done by accredited people who are sufficiently qualified and experienced

19
Q

How often should an asbestos management plan be reviewed and updated?

A

Either every 6 or 12 months. This will be dependent on the location and condition of any ACMs, and their likelihood of being disturbed

20
Q

What regulations do the current Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012 replace?

A

The 2006 version of the regulations

21
Q

What is meant by the term licensable work with asbestos?

A

The Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012 define it as:

  • work where exposure to asbestos is not sporadic or low intensity
  • work were a risk assessment can not confirm that the control limit will not be reached
  • work on asbestos coatings
  • work on AIB or asbestos insulation where is it not sporadic, not low intensity, not confirmed to be below control limit or not for a short duration
22
Q

What is asbestos?

A

Naturally occurring fibrous silicates, or any material containing them

23
Q

Is work to asbestos cement licensable?

A

Generally, no. Due to the normal make up of asbestos cement, chrysotile bonded with cement, it is not a high risk for fibres being released. Therefore, most work with asbestos cement is non-licensed works. However there are some cases where the cement is so badly damaged that the risk may be higher, and therefore it will become licensable under the regulations

24
Q

What duties are dictated by the Health & Safety at Work etc. Act 1947?

A

H&S@WA1974 - primary legislation for H&S in UK, places duties on employers and employees.

Employer:

  • Ensure (as far as reasonably practicable) the H&S of all employees
  • Assess risk of work place (carry out risk assessment, and provide training)
  • Must report all injuries (RIDDOR)

Employee:
- To take care in their own health & safety, and that of those effected by their actions

Surveyors:

  • Ensure H&S of themselves and those effected by their work
  • Requires training and distribution of relevant info
25
Q

What documentation is required under the Health & Safety at Work Act 1974?

A

Health & Safety Policy Statement

  • Firms with 5+ employees
  • To include community policy, H&S structures, risk assessment, implementation of policies

Risk Assessment

  • Firms with 5+ employees MUST have H&S risk assessment
  • Identify hazards, identify those at risk, evaluate risk, record and review

Method Statements
- Covers work task, outlines hazards and details of how to carry out work safely, must include any control measures, accompany risk assessment (RAMS)

26
Q

What are the duties of the Health & Safety Executive?

A

HSE were set up under the H&S at Work Act 1974 to support the government in all things H&S. Statutory duties:

  • Propose and set standards for H&S performance
  • Ensure compliance with standards
  • Research H&S and publish results
  • Provide info and advisory services
  • Provide minister of the crown with info and advice when requested
27
Q

What effect does the Health & Safety (Offenses) Act 2008 have on surveying?

A

It increases the penalties for breaches of H&S law regarding Asbestos - max. fine of £20k and 12 month prison (possibility to be tried in higher court where fines unlimited)

28
Q

What statue controls working at height?

A

The Working at Height Regulations 2005 - aim to prevent heath and injury from falling from height. Applies to all employer and those in control of work at height. All work at height to be properly planned, risk assessed, supervised and undertaken by competent people with proper equipment

29
Q

What is the hierarchy of working at height?

A
  • Avoid working at height
  • Use equipment to prevent falls / work from a safe place
  • If risk can’t be eliminated, use equipment to minimise height/consequences of fall
  • Scaffolding preferable to fall arrest system (many rather than individual)
30
Q

What controls are required by the Working at Height Regulations 2005 on scaffolding?

A
  • Min. handrail height of 950mm
  • Mid rails at max. 470mm spans
  • Scaffold to be checked every 7 days, and additionally after adverse weather
  • Staff Tag - visual sign (not a legal requirement, recommended)
31
Q

What controls are required by the Working at Height Regulations 2005 on the use of ladders?

A
  • Only to be used where low risk and short term
  • Ladder to be securely tied/someone footing it
  • 3 points of contact at all times
  • Spans of 9m should have landing areas at regular intervals
32
Q

What is the purpose of the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations?

A

CDM Regs come from an EU directive. Purpose:

  • To provide a statutory framework for H&S management to ALL construction work
  • Place a legal duty on those involved in construction work
  • H&S to be considered at the design stage
33
Q

Why were the CDM Regs revised in 2015?

A
  • To improve H&S management at all stages of a construction project
  • To deal with the “over-interpretation” of the regulations, to make them easier to follow
  • To combat the Pre-Construction Phase did not add value
  • To deal with continuing unacceptable standards, especially on small sites
34
Q

What were the main changes in the CDM 2015 regulations compared to the 2007 one?

A
  • Structural simplification
  • Duty holders reduced - Client, PD & PC
  • All projects with one than one contractor require a PD, a PC and therefore H&S file/risk assessments
  • Approved Code of Practice was replaced with more targeted guidance
  • CDM Coordinator replaced by Principal Designer - technical knowledge, manage and control pre-construction
  • CPHSP required on all projects under CDM
35
Q

What are the duties of the Principal Designer under CDM 2015?

A
  • Inform the client of their duties
  • Plan, manage & monitor H&S in the pre-construction phase
  • Compile PCI and provide it to designers and contractors
  • Prepare H&S file, revising as project progresses
  • Liaising with PC in planning, management, monitoring & coordination of construction phase
  • Taking account of the PRINCIPLES OF PREVENTION
  • Ensure that those involved in the pre-construction phase cooperate with the client, the PD and each other
  • Checking the designers have sufficient knowledge, experience and the organisational capability to carry out the work
36
Q

What is the trigger for notification to HSE of a construction project?

A
  • More that 30 working days and have more than 20 workers on site
  • OR 500 person days

Notification is provided via F10 form

37
Q

What are the client’s duties under CDM 2015?

A
  • Ensuring duty holders are appointed (PD and PC where more than one contractor)
  • Ensuring roles, function and responsibility of project team are clear
  • Ensuring appointments have necessary skill, knowledge, experience and organisational capacity to manage H&S
  • Ensuring sufficient time and resource
  • Ensuring mechanisms for project team communication and coordination are in place
  • Ensuring duty holders are provided with all relevant info
  • Ensuring PD and PC carry out their duties (progress meetings/written updates)
  • Ensuring welfare facilities are provided
  • Maintaining and review arrangements to ensure relevance
38
Q

When should a Principal Designer be appointed?

A

As early as possible

39
Q

What are the duties on the Principal Contractor under CDM 2015?

A
  • Plan, manage and coordinate construction phase
  • Consult/ engage with workers
  • Liaise with PD and Client
  • Ensure all appointment have necessary skill, knowledge, experience and organisational capacity for their work regard H&S
  • Coordinate the work of contractors
  • Ensure that contractors under their control cooperate with each other
  • Ensure suitable site inductions are provided
  • Reasonable steps to prevent unauthorised access
  • Ensure suitable welfare facilities are provided and maintained
  • BEFORE CONSTRUCTION ensure that Construction Phase Health & Safety Plan is prepared
  • BEFORE CONSTRUCTION ensure CPHSP is review and approved (and revised throughout construction phase)
  • Provide PD with any info PC should provide for H&S file
  • If PD appointment finishes before the end of the project, to then review, update, revise and issue to the client the H&S file

Mandatory Competencies (10 decks)

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