health related behaviours Flashcards
who is the best boyfriend
arun
what are health related behaviours
things people do to promote good health or lead to illness can be positive or negative for example drinking alcohol
learning theories - classical conditioning
learning through association e.g pavlov dog where bell is rung and the dog salivates even if no food. bell is conditioned stimulus and salivation conditioned response
how can classical conditioning be used in public health
used to explain why people do certain things e.g cues to smoke when struggling. or used to treat by associating alcohol with unpleasant response - disufam. want to break this response
learning theories - operant conditioning
learning through consequence behaviour reinforced if reward and decreases with punishment. unhealthy behaviours are immediately rewarding which explains the reason for doing them.
operant conditioning how can be used in public health
treat by reinforcement with punishment and reward. make money jar for all the money they save not buying alcohol
limitations of learning theories
no cognitive aspect, mechanistic view of behaviour. no account of social context - e.g embarrassment of doing something
what is the social learning theory
people learn vicariously e.g from watching. more likely to model the behaviour of high status people. can use this in public health by getting celebrities/influencers to promote good health behaviours
what are the cognition models
cognitive dissonance theory and health belief model
explain the cognitive dissonance theory
there is lots of discomfort when peoples beliefs are inconsistent with what happens and then try to reduce his discomfort. use this in health promotion by providing health information that causes discomfort e.g lungs on cigarette packet. BUT may also have opposite effect
explain the health belief model example explained
for example why people don’t wear condoms affected by the beliefs the person has about health threat (e.g no problem can get STI treated) and beliefs they have about health related behaviour(condom ruins the moment). the other thing that contributes to that person wearing a condom would be the cues to action e.g poster makes you think about it
explain the theory of planned behaviour
your intentions are controlled by attitude towards that behaviour (what do I think), subjective norms(what do others think) and perceived control(do I feel able to do it)
how to help people change their behaviour
specify and understad the new behaviour because taking up exercise involves you needing impulses whereas eating less involves resisting impulses. Make specific plan to stick to
3 reasons people don’t act to promote health
don’t have the capability, insufficient opportunity and lack of motivation (often because healthy behaviours are boring and difficult)
what is the integrate model
that your behaviour is influenced by capability, motivation and opportunity and these all influence each other
