Health Psychology CH.2 -WORDS

Question 1

what is Adrenal Glands?

Answer 1

Are small glands located on top of each of the kidneys.
- [Each adrenal gland consists of an adrenal medulla and an adrenal cortex.]
- [The hormones of the adrenal medulla are epinephrine and norepinephrine, which were described earlier.]

Question 2

what is Angina Pectoris (chest pain)?

Answer 2

Which occurs when the heart has insufficient supply of oxygen or inadequate removal of carbon dioxide and other waste products.

Question 3

what is Atherosclerosis?

Answer 3

Is the caused by deposits of cholesterol and other substances on the arterial walls, which form plaques that narrow the arteries.

Question 4

what is Autoimmunity?

Answer 4

Occurs when the body attacks the body’s own tissues.

Question 5

what is Blood pressure?

Answer 5

Is the force that blood exerts against the blood vessel walls. During systole, the force on the blood vessel walls is greatest; during diastole, it falls to its lowest point.
- [The measurement of blood pressure includes these two indicators.]

Question 6

what is Cardiovascular System?

Answer 6

Comprises the heart, blood vessels, and blood and acts as the transport system of the body.

Question 7

what is Catecholamines?

Answer 7

These substances are carried through the bloodstream throughout the body, promoting sympathetic activation.

Question 8

what is Cell-mediated?

Answer 8

Immunity, involving T lymphocytes from the thymus gland, is a slower-acting response.

Question 9

what is Cerebellum?

Answer 9

Coordinates voluntary muscle movement, the maintenance of balance and equilibrium, and the maintenance of muscle tone and posture.

Question 10

what is Cerebral Cortex?

Answer 10

The largest portion of the brain, involved in higher-order intelligence, memory, and personality.

Question 11

what is Endocrine System?

Answer 11

Is made up of a number of ductless glands that secrete hormones into the blood, stimulating changes in target organs.

Question 12

what is Humoral immunity?

Answer 12

The functions of B lymphocytes include protecting against bacteria, neutralizing toxins produced by bacteria, and preventing viral reinfection.

Question 13

what is Hypothalamus?

Answer 13

Helps regulate cardiac functioning, blood pressure, respiration, water balance, and appetites, including hunger and sexual desire.

Question 14

what is Immunity?

Answer 14

Is the body’s resistance to invading organisms. It may develop either naturally or artificially.
- (Some natural immunity is passed from the mother to the child at birth and through breast-feeding, although this type of immunity is only temporary. Natural immunity is also acquired through disease.)
- (Artificial immunity is acquired through vaccinations and inoculations.)

Question 15

what is Ischemia?

Answer 15

A condition characterized by lack of blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscle.

Question 16

what is or Kidney Dialysis?

Answer 16

May be required in order to rid the body of its wastes.

Question 17

what is Lupus?

Answer 17

• the skin rash that can appear on the face
• to chronic inflammation, producing pain, heat, redness, and swelling, and can be life-threatening when it attacks the connective tissue of the body’s internal organs.

Question 18

what is lymphatic system?

Answer 18

Which is a drainage system of the body, is involved in important ways in immune functioning.

Question 19

what is Medulla?

Answer 19

Is responsible for the regulation of heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration.

Question 20

what is Myocardial infarction (MI)/heart attack?

Answer 20

Which results when a clot has developed in a coronary vessel and blocks the flow of blood to the heart.

Question 21

what is Nervous System?

Answer 21

A complex network of interconnected nerve fibers.

• The nervous system is made up of the central nervous system, which consists of the brain and the spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, which consists of the rest of the nerves in the body, including those that connect to the brain and the spinal cord.

Question 22

what is Neurotransmitters?

Answer 22

That regulate nervous system functioning.

Question 23

what is Nonspecific Immune Mechanisms?

Answer 23

Are a general set of responses to any kind of infection or disorder

Question 24

what is Parasympathetic Nervous System?

Answer 24

Controls the activities of organs under normal circumstances and acts antagonistically to the sympathetic nervous system.

Question 25

what is Phagocytosis?

Answer 25

Is the process by which certain white blood cells (called phagocytes) ingest microbes. Phagocytes are usually overproduced when there is a bodily infection, so that large numbers can be sent to the site of infection to ingest the foreign particles.

Question 26

what is the Pituitary Gland?

Answer 26

Located at the base of the brain, the pituitary has two lobes. The posterior pituitary lobe produces oxytocin, which controls contractions during labor and lactation and is also involved in social affiliation, and vasopressin, or antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which controls the water-absorbing ability of the kidneys, among other functions.

Question 27

what is Platelets

Answer 27

Serve several important functions. They clump together to block small holes that develop in blood vessels, and they also play an important role in blood clotting.

Question 28

what is the Pons?

Answer 28

Serves as a link between the hindbrain and the midbrain and also helps control respiration.

Question 29

what is Renal System?

Answer 29

Part of the metabolic system; responsible for the regulation of bodily fluids and the elimination of wastes; regulates bodily fluids by removing surplus water, surplus electrolytes, and waste products generated by the metabolism of food.

Question 30

what is Respiratory System?

Answer 30

Brings in oxygen through inspiration; it eliminates carbon dioxide through expiration.

Question 31

what is Specific Immune Mechanisms?

Answer 31

Which are always acquired after birth, fight particular microorganisms and their toxins.

Question 32

what is Sympathetic Nervous System?

Answer 32

Prepares the body to respond to emergencies, to strong emotions such as anger or fear, and to strenuous activity. As such, it plays an important role in reaction to stress.

Question 33

what is Thalamus?

Answer 33

Is involved in the recognition of sensory stimuli and the relay of sensory impulses to the cerebral cortex.