Health Promotion & Sleep Key Terms

Question 1

True prevention. It’s goal is to reduce the incidence of disease. Primary prevention includes health education programs, nutritional programs, and physical fitness activities.

Answer 1

Primary Prevention

Question 2

Focus on preventing the speed of disease, illness, or infections once it occurs. Activities are directed at diagnosis & prompt intervention, therapy reducing severity & enabling the patient to return to a normal level of health as early as possible.

Answer 2

Secondary Prevention (Screening).

Question 3

Occurs when a defect or disability is permanent & irreversible. It involves minimizing the effects of long-term disease or disability by interventions directed at preventing complications & deterioration. Care at this level helps patients achieve as high a level of functioning as possible, despite the limitations caused by illness or impairment.

Answer 3

Tertiary Prevention

Question 4

Collection of individuals who are more likely to develop health problems as a result of excess risks, limits, in access to health care services, or being dependent on others for care.

Answer 4

Vulnerable populations

Question 5

Preventable differences in the burden of disease, injury, violence or opportunities to achieve optimal health that are experienced by socially & economically disadvantaged population.

Answer 5

Health Disparities

Question 6

First step of the nursing process, activities required in the first step are data collection, validation, sorting, & documentation.

Answer 6

Assessment

Question 7

Enables individuals, families, & communities to adopt & adapt lifestyles that promote & improve health.

Answer 7

Health Promotion Intervention

Question 8

Represents standard health promotion measures for individuals of all ages; provide immunity, or the ability to resist infection from many dangerous communicable diseases.

Answer 8

Vaccinations

Question 9

Condition or practice of maintaining the tissues & structures of the mouth; important health promotion measure for all people of all ages & includes brushing teeth, flossing, drinking fluoridated water, dental sealants, & regular visits.

Answer 9

Oral Hygiene

Question 10

Two-way interaction through which a patient & members of the medical team interprets results of a nutritional assessment, patient education. Regarding optimal dietary intake is one of the most common forms of health promotion & includes primary & tertiary prevention (disease management).

Answer 10

Nutrition Counseling

Question 11

Any voluntary bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that requires energy expenditure; fundamental health promotion measures for a “individuals, helps control weight & improve cardiovascular health, muscle strength, sleep, & mental health.

Answer 11

Physical Activity

Question 12

Pressure of circulating blood against the walls of blood vessels, screening for HTN involves regular BP assessment, most common health screenings because of its relative ease & cost effectiveness, recommended every 2 yrs. after 20 years.

Answer 12

Blood Pressure Screening

Question 13

Screening of asymptomatic apparently healthy human for breast cancer in an attempt to achieve a diagnosis, measures to detect breast cancer depending on individual age & risk factors.

Answer 13

Breast Cancer Screening

Question 14

Screening to detect colon cancer, focus on detecting & removing precancerous polyps in the colon & early detection of colorectal cancer; screenings include fecal occult, sigmoidoscope or colonoscopy, screening starts at 50-75.

Answer 14

Colorectal Cancer Screening

Question 15

Identifies public health priorities to help individuals, organizations, & communities across the U.S. improve health & well-being framework outlines five overreaching goals for the nation to achieve; goals linked to 41 topic areas.

Answer 15

Healthy People 2030

Question 16

Independent conditions: insomnia, sleep related breathing disorders, sleep related movement disorders, parasomnias, circadian rhythm sleep disorders & hypersomnia.

Answer 16

Primary Sleep Disorder

Question 17

Occur as the result of some other situations & correcting that situation should resolve the problem with sleep; caused by medical conditions. Mental health conditions & side effects of medical treatment.

Answer 17

Secondary Sleep Disorder

Question 18

Symptom that patients experience when they have chronic difficulty in falling asleep frequent awakenings from sleep or short sleep, nonrestorative.

Answer 18

Insomnia

Question 19

The most common circadian rhythm sleep disorder occurs among individuals who work variable shifts & those who do extensive travel.

Answer 19

Jet lag/Shift Work Sleeping Disorder

Question 20

A dysfunction of the processes that regulate sleep & wake states; chronic neurologic disorder caused by a deficiency of a neuropeptide (hypocretin) that results in the inability of the brain to properly regulate sleep wake cycle.

Answer 20

Narcolepsy

Question 21

Condition characterized by interruption of sleep due to temporary airway obstruction by the soft palate, base of the tongue or both, person extremely tired with sufficient time in bed. Other symptoms: heavy snoring, chronic daytime sleepiness, fatigue, sore throat, or headache in awakening.

Answer 21

Obstructive sleep apnea

Question 22

One of the most severe forms of sleep-abnormal breathing, characterized by poor gas exchange (resulting in reduced oxygen & increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood) during sleep. Impaired respiratory mechanisms & depressed respiratory control during sleep. Individuals with OHS are overweight/obese, short thick neck. Symptoms: Poor sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, fatigue, headaches.

Answer 22

Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome (OHS)

Question 23

Sleepwalking; most frequently among children (especially schools-aged children but occur among adults as well.

Answer 23

Somnambulism

Question 24

Also known as night terrors, are a parasomnia characterized by sudden episodes of intense fear, screaming, panic & confusion while still asleep, there is usually an increase respiratory rate, heart rate, dilated pupils, & diaphoresis.

Answer 24

Sleep Terrors.