health promotion in canada L2 Flashcards
what is public health?
health vans, ads, public transit, bike lanes, free clinics, sewers, hand washing, safe sex, no smoking signs, fruit stands, health awareness, helmets, garbage bins
the lalonde report
- health field concept: environment, health care, biology, lifestyle
- established health promotion infrastructure
- internationally renowned as first official government doc to recognize health care does not equal health status
Health for all by 2000
- Alma Ata declared to attain a level of health for all citizens of the world that would permit them to lead socially and economically productive lives
strategies for achieving health for all (7)
- education about health problems and prevention
- proper nutrition
- adequate supply of water and sanitation
- maternal and child health care
- immunization
- appropriate treatment
- provision of essential drugs
The black report 1980
- lower classes/unskilled workers had poorer health status than upper class despite equal health care
- concluded factors outside health system all effect health and favour those at higher end of SES ladder
Ottowa Charter 1986
- improvement in health requires a secure foundation in these basic principles
- peace, shelter, education, food, income, stable eco-system, sustainable resources, social justice, equity
ottowa charter health promotion action
- build healthy public policy
- create supportive environments
- strengthen community action
- develop personal skills
- reorient health services
= all big ideas, but need to remember how to make these actionable and not just a statement
The Epp report identified health challenges (3) and limitations
- reducing inequities in health of low vs high SES
- finding more effective ways of preventing injuries, illnesses, chronic disabilities
- enhancing ability to cope with chronic disabilities and mental health
- must recognize choice is bounded by context and resources, SES largely effect how these things effect you
the Epp report : self care
things a person does that promotes or maintains personal health
the Epp report : mutual aid
working together as groups to address health issues
- support groups, family, friends
the Epp report: healthy environments
means the healthy choice is the easy choice, accessible choice, affordable choice, and socially acceptable choice
Achieving health for all Epp report implementation strategies
- fostering public participation (how to get people motivated)
- strengthening community health services (starts in community centres)
- coordinating healthy public policy (in government at all levels)
socioecological model of health
recognizes relationship between individual and environment
- argued personal lifestyles not fully determined by individual choice
- choices made are bound within environment and social context
socioecological model main concepts (5)
- individual, family and friends, settings, community, policy
health literacy
ability to access, understand, evaluate/apply and communicate health information to improve ones health
physical literacy
confidence and competence to engage in a wide variety of physical activities in multiple environments that benefit healthy development of the whole person
- ‘success by 6’ physical literacy program
Richard wilkinson - how economic inequality harms society
- average wellbeing of societies not dependent on economic wellbeing
- more equal societies have higher levels of trust, lower mental illness, violence, proportion of people in prison
- more equal countries seem to be nordic countries, unequal seem to be USA and singapore
Framingham studies
- identify common factors that contribute to CVD
- identified key risk factors over 50 yrs
Alameda county study - Berkman and breslow
- how ways of living, social support and demographic variables relate to health
- found 5 risk behaviours that influence mortality
- persons with lowest number of risk behaviours had lowest risk of mortality
- least socially connected people had 2X risk of dying from all causes
- social support network has huge impact
Whitehall studies
- studied people in office-based jobs over different levels (admin, professional, clerical, unskilled manual)
- health differences linked to subjective place on social ladder
Multiple risk factor intervention trial (MRFIT)
- tested if CHD could be reduced if behaviour changed
- no significant differences in mortality between experimental and control groups
- nothing focused on societal forces that caused problem, no context for change of behaviour
what we learned from the baboons
- stress is socially generated
- live seemingly stress-free life compared to human lifestyle
- experience stress and stress-related disease to the same degree as humans from social hierarchy
