health of Australians Flashcards
burden of disease
a measure of the impact of diseases and injuries, specifically it measures the gap between current health status and ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. burden of disease is measured in a unit called the DALY
chronic condition
any disease or condition that lasts a long time (usually longer than 6 months) it usually cant be cured and therefore requires ongoing treatment and management. eg. arthritis
developed country
a country that has advanced adequately with regards to economy, technology and health status
disability adjusted life years (DALY)
a measure of burden of disease. one DALY equals one year of healthy life lost due to premature death and time lived with illness, disease or injury.
dynamic
continually changing
health adjusted life expectancy (HALE)
a measure of burden of disease based on life expectancy at birth, but including an adjustment of time spent in poor health. it is the number of years in full health that a person can expect to live, based on current rates of ill health and mortality
health indicators
standard statistics that are used to measure to measure and compare health status
health status
an individuals or populations overall health, taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy, amount of disability and levels of disease risk factors
hospital separation
episodes of hospital care that start with admission and end with transfer, discharge or death
incidence
the number or rate of new cases of a disease during a specified period of time
infirmity
state of being weak, lacking in strength
ischaemic heart disease
a disease characterised by a blockage of blood vessles to the heart, also known as conorary heart disease
life expectancy
an indication of how long a person is expected to live, it is the number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age if current death rates do not change
mental health
state of well being in which the individual reliseses his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make contributions to his/her community
morbidity
refers to ill health in an individual and the levels of ill health in a population or group
mortality
number of deaths caused by a disease, illness or environment factor
mortality rate
the measure of the proportion of a population who die in a one year period per 100 000
physical health
relates to the efficient functioning of the body and its systems and includes the physical capacity to perform tasks and physical fitness
prevalence
the number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time
social health
being able to interact with others and participate in the community in both an independent and cooperative way
trend
a general change or movement in a particular direction
under five mortality rate
the number of deaths of children under five years of age per 1000 live births
years lost due to disability
a measure of how many healthy years of life are lost due to illness, injury or disability
years of life lost
a measure of how many years of expected life are lost due to premature death
health
is a complete state of physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
examples of dimensions of physical health
- having a normal body weight for height
- having sufficent energy levels for dail tasks/physical fitness
- having normal blood glucose/cholesterol/pressure levels
- having good flexability of muscles and joints
- having a strong immune system response
examples of dimensions of mental health
- level of self seteem
- acknowledging one’s abilities
- having effective coping mechanisms for stress
- level of resilience
- helping others in ones community
- being able to express ones feelings
examples of dimensions of social health
- maintaining a network of friends and level of social support
- communicating effectively with others and contributing to society
- obeying the laws and rules of society
- accepting responsibilities for ones actions