Australian and international aid agencies

Question 1

chronic disease

Answer 1

a persistent and lasting medical condition

Question 2

emerging disease

Answer 2

a disease that has appeared in a population for the first time, or that may have existed previously but is rapidly increasing in incidence or geographic age

Question 3

epidemic

Answer 3

when the rate of disease significantly exceeds what is expected based on recent trends

Question 4

essential medicines

Answer 4

those drugs that satisfy the health care needs of the majority of the population; they should therefore be available at all times in adequate amounts and in appropriate dosage forms, at a price the community can afford

Question 5

global health

Answer 5

the health of populations in a worldwide context that goes beyond the perspectives and concerns of individual countries. global health is about an international collaborative approach to achieving equity in health for all people worldwide

Question 6

gross national income

Answer 6

the total value of goods and services a country produces, including the value of income earnt by residents who may be working in an overseas country

Question 7

international health regulations

Answer 7

legally binding health regulations that provide countries with a set of rules they can follow in the event of a disease outbreak

Question 8

micro finance

Answer 8

small, low-costs financial services for poor people that involve low-interests loans to develop small businesses

Question 9

non-government organisation

Answer 9

legally constituted organisations without participation or representation of any government

Question 10

official development assistance

Answer 10

financial assistance provided by donor government agencies to developing countries or to multilateral aid agencies. also known as aid

Question 11

sanctions

Answer 11

penalties designed to encourage compliance with laws or rules

Question 12

sustainability

Answer 12

meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

Question 13

transnational

Answer 13

involving several nations

Question 14

united nations member states

Answer 14

countries or regions that have a governing body which enforces laws and has responsibility for a population

Question 15

interrelationship between health and human development

Answer 15

good health assists individuals in living a long and healthy life and contributes to children being able to attend school and develop the knowledge they need to make choices about how they live their lives. it also enables individuals to gain employment, which provides an income and will help them afford to buy food, clean water, clothing and shelter, all of which are needed to achieve a decent standard of living. when people feel safe, have their human rights met and have an opportunity to participate in political and community life, each dimension of health is improved.

Question 16

the interrelationship between health and sustainability

Answer 16

to achieve sustainability people need to have good health people need to have good health and good health is equally important to achieve sustainability. when people are healthy there is a greater capacity for them to attend school, find secure employment and earn an income, which contributes to economic sustainability for families. as the income-earning capacity of individuals within a country increases, so does a countrys GDP. this enables the country to provide much needed resources such as clean water, sanitation and health care, which further promotes both economic and environmental sustainability and in turn improved health outcomes. good health is also a foundation for social sustainability. it enables children to attend school and adults to secure employment, which helps families access basic human rights such as food, clothing and shelter.

Question 17

the interrelationship between human development and sustainability

Answer 17

sustainability is important in promoting human development. with economic sustainability, people are more able to experience a decent standard of living and live a long and healthy life. they are more likely to have the resources needed to send their children to school and gain an education. this contributes to social sustainability and helps create the conditions needed for human development to be improved. educated people are more empowered to participate in decisions affecting the community, contribute to greater equality and help ensure human rights are met and maintained.

Question 18

human development- enhancing human abilities

Answer 18

• live a long and healthy life
• develop knowledge
• achieve a decent standard of living

Question 19

human development- creating conditions for human development

Answer 19

• participation in political and community life
• human security and human rights
• gender equality
• environmental sustainability