Health Needs Assessment Flashcards
What is a health need assessment
Systematic method for reviewing for revueieng health issues facing a population, leading to agreed priorities and resource allocation that will improve health and reduce inequalities
What is need
Ability to benefit from an intervention
Demand
What people ask for
Supply
What is provided
Name something that is needed and supplied
Statins
Something needed and demanded
Mental health services
What are bradshaw’s needs?
Felt need
Expressed need
Normative need
Comparative need
What is felt need
Individual perceptions of variation from normal health eg not being able to walk as far as they used to
What is expressed need
Individual seems help to overcome variation in normal health (this kind of correlates with demand)
What is normative need
Professional defines intervention appropriate for the expressed need ie Dr says hmm ur sad u can’t walk as far- go to rehab!
What is Comparative need
Comparison between severity, range of interventions and cost eg u go to rehab and improve and even tho u still want it it’s oversubscribed and others need it more so u get kicked off
What are the four stages of the planning cycle for health services
Needs assessment
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
What are the three types of approach to health needs assessments
Epidemiological
Comparative
Corporate
What is the Epidemiological approach to health needs assessments
Top down approach Define the issue Assess the size of the issue Look at the services already available to the issue and see how cost effective they are and quality of care compared to other services (existing evidence base) Recommend how to improve
Cons of epidemiological approach to health needs assessment
Doesn’t really consider felt needs
Reinforces the purely biomedical approach (not biopsychosocial)
Need existing data to compare off
What is the comparative approach to health needs assessment
Compares services received by a sub group with services received by a different sub group eg MS patients physio is yorkshire vs the north west or for under 30s vs over 30s
Cons of comparative approach to health needs assessment
Hard to find comparable groups
Might be comparing two shite services
Needs existing data to compare off to be decent quality
What is the corporate approach to health needs assessment
Takes into account view from patients, politicians, press, professionals, comissioners
Problems with corporate approach
Hard to distinguish need from demand
Certain groups has vested interested eg political agenda, money saving
Dominant personalities have more say
What are the 2 main types of health needs assessment evaluation
Donabedian approach
Maxwell’s dimensions
What is the doanbedhan approach
Structure: what there is (eh buildings staff equipment)
Process: what is done
Outcome: mortality, morbidity, PROMS (patient repoerted outcome measures), patient satisfaction groups aka 5Ds (death, disease, disability, discomfort, dissatisfaction)
What are maxwell’s dimensions (6)
3Es 3As
Acceptibility
Effective ness (does it work)
Equity (euqal access)
Accessibility (far away patients can get it)
Appropriateness (given to those who actually need it)
Efficiency (is output maximised)
What is wrights matrix
Ties together donabedian and maxwell’s approaches. Eg for each of the 3Es and 3As u look at structure, process, outcome
