Health needs assessment Flashcards
LOs
Undersatnd the basic principles od needs assessement
Recognide the importance in detemrining how society addresses health Qs
Steps in conducting a healthcare needs A
Relate health eco to needs assess
WHO definitin of health
state of complete
- physical
- psychological
- and social wellbeing
and not simply the absence of disease or infirmity
What is a health needs assessment
systematic assessment of the health issues facing a population leading to agreed priorities and resource allocation that will improve health and reduce inequalities
over time populations needs change therefore need to change what we’re offering
HNA- plan, negotiate, change services for the better
Domains of action
Health and protection
- environemental health
- occupational health
- infectious diseases
Health services
- primary care
- health economics
- care groups
- health management
Health improvment
- glocal health
- health education
- Psychological aspects of health
Why undertake HNA?
public health tool to provide evidence about a population on which to plan services and address health inequalities
HNA provides an opportunity to engage in specific populations and enable them to contribute to targeted service planning and resource allocation
HNA provides an opportunity for cross-sectoral partnership working and developing creative and effective interventions
Definition of need
ability to benefit from healthcare
health problems generate demand for services
only considered a need if it can be addressed by effective intervention or service provision
What distorts the demand need and supply trichotomy?
- faulty perception of actual need (media, medical influence)
- failure of perceived need to generate demand (“)
- demands are made which have little relation to need (“, education)
- inappropraite service provision to need or demand ( budgetary restraints, public and political pressure)
Steps to healthcare needs assessment (6)
- Population, goal for them, who should be involved, hurdles?
- Identify health priorities
- Triangulate (size of population, review evidence for cost effectiveness, current service provision)
- Assessing a health priority for action
- Planning for change
- moving on/ review
The rule of halves
evidence that
- approx half of most common chornic disorders are undetected
- half of them are not treated
- and that half of those are treated but not controlled
What is a health profile
provide a snapshot of helath and wellbeing for each local authority in england
pull together info into one place and contain data on a range of indicators
intended as a “conversation starter”
health triangle
analytical tool that can assist in:
identifying potnetially important health issues for a population
review associations between health conditions, determinant factors and health functioning
Assessing a health priority for action
choosing health conditions and determinant factors with the most significant size and severity impact
determine effective and acceptable interventions and actions
why this specific health priority isnimportant for the profiled population
what is economic evaluation
types
comparative evaluation of both the cost and effects of 2 or more alternatives
- cost effectiveness (consequences in. atural units e.g., cost per stroke prevented)
- cost- utility (consequences measured in QALYs)
- Cost benefit )costsa nd consequences measured in monetary units)
cost-utility ratio equation
(cost of intervention A - cost of intyervention B)
/
(No. of QALYs produced by int A - No. of QALYs produced by intervenmntion B)
Opportunity cost
the value of consequences forgone by choosing to deploy resources in one way rather than than in their best alternative use
