Health models

Question 1

Health belief model

Answer 1

percieved threat, benefits, barriers/pros and cons
cues to action
Becker - oldest model in health psychology
Developed by Hochbaum 1950s to explain uptake of free TB screening

Question 2

Limitations of health belief model

Answer 2

Does not account for habitual behaviour or behaviour with non health motivation (e.g. social acceptedness)
Assumes equal access and understanding of information

Question 3

Theory of planned behaviour

Answer 3

Based on Theory of Reasoned action
Accounts for behavioral/outcome beliefs (attitudes), normative beliefs (perceived norms) and Control beliefs (perceived control)
Leads to intention and behavior
Ajzen

Question 4

Limitations of theory of planned behaviour

Answer 4

Includes social context BUT
Assumes rational thought processes, assumes equal weighting of three factors by individuals, assumes intentions always lead to behaviour

Question 5

Self efficacy

Answer 5

Bandura
Added to HBM 1988, under perceived control in TPB
Artistico 2014 showed it and previous experiences were key in predicting condom use in college females
—> fundamental in behavior change

Question 6

Intention-behaviour gap

Answer 6

Sheeran 2011
Meta analysis of metaanalyses and ‘bitter experience’
Intention translated into behavior half the time

Question 7

Social congnitive theory

Answer 7

Bandura
Learning = dynamic and reciprocal interaction between people, environment and behavior
Self efficacy is sixth construct added later
An action/volition model
Includes social context

Question 8

Transtheoretical model

Answer 8

Prochaska 1970s
6 stages (was 5 and 3)
Pre-contemplation, contemplation, determination, action, relapse, maintenance
Exit and reenter at any point
Temporal element accounting for different positions/readiness of individuals

Question 9

Limitations of transtheoretical model

Answer 9

Difficult to measure/judge stages
Not linear.
ignores social context