Health Maint. & Disease Prevention Flashcards
Primary prevention
Aim is to remove or reduce disease risk factors (immunization, smoking, etc.)
Secondary Prevention
Promote early detection or precursor of disease (routine PAP, etc.)
Tertiary Prevention
aimed at limiting the impact of established disease (partial mastectomy, radiation therapy)
What are the two most common causes of morbidity & mortality in developed countries?
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) & Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA)
What are the 5 “A’s” of motivational interviewing when trying to assess a patient’s physical activity level?
Ask (identify who can benefit)
Assess (current activity level)
Advise (individualized plan)
Assist (provide written exercise Rx & support)
Arrange (appropriate referral & follow up)
What percentage of the US population has metabolic syndrome?
25%
A waist measurement equal to or greater than ____ for male and equal to or greater than ____ for females is a sign of metabolic syndrome
40” & 35”
A triglyceride value greater than or equal to _____ is a sign of metabolic syndrome
150 mg/dL
HDL levels less than or equal to ____ in males and ____ in females is a sign of metabolic syndrome
40 mg/dL & 50 mg/dL
As a provider, when dealing with patients who are overweight and/or obese, what two things do we need to do with regards to prevention?
Initiate the conversation
Recognize our biases
Systolic Bruits
middle or upper portions of the carotid arteries indicate possible partial arterial obstruction from atherosclerosis
Cardiac output (CO) equations
CO = heart rate (HR) x stroke volume (SV)
If someone older than 40 yo has an S3 heart sound, it is indicative of what?
heart failure
If someone has an S4 heart sound, it is indicative of possible…..
decreased ventricular compliance
Aortic sclerosis & aortic stenosis both carry risks of increased:
cardiovascular morbidity and mortality
