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Year 8 Ms Lee 2024 Flashcards > Health & Lifestyle > Flashcards

Health & Lifestyle Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of protein in the diet?

A

Proteins are nutrients found in food. Proteins allow us to grow and repair our bodies tissues (e.g. muscle).

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2
Q

What is the function of carbohydrate in the diet?

A

Carbohydrates are nutrients found in food. Carbohydrates give us energy.

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3
Q

What does the pancreas produce?

A

The pancreas is an organ that produces enzymes. These enzymes speed up the rate of digestion.

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4
Q

What is a drug?

A

A drug is a chemical that alters the way our brain & body functions.

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5
Q

What is the function of the oesophagus?

A

This is the tube where food travels down when it is swallowed. The food moves in ‘waves’ called peristalsis down the oesophagus.

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6
Q

What is the function of the stomach?

A

The stomach is an organ that contracts to churn food. It contains hydrochloric acid & enzymes that digests food faster.

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7
Q

What is the function of the liver?

A

The liver produces a green chemical called bile. Bile neutralises stomach acid and breaks down fats into smaller droplets.

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8
Q

How does a stimulant drug affect the body?

A

It speeds up the brain and nervous system.

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9
Q

Give an example of a depressant drug.

A

Alcohol

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10
Q

Give 2 short term effects of alcohol

A
  • Slow reaction time – brain areas affected - Dizziness
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11
Q

Which organs are most affected by drinking alcohol?

A

Brain and liver

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12
Q

What is the maximum units of alcohol an adult male or female should not exceed per week.

A

14 units

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13
Q

Name 2 long term effects of alcohol

A
  • Alcohol dependence (addiction) - Cirrhosis of the liver - Depression
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14
Q

Name 3 harmful chemicals in cigarette smoke

A
  • Nicotine - Tar - Carbon monoxide
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15
Q

What type of drug is nicotine? How does it affect the body?

A

Nicotine is a stimulant drug. It speeds up your heart rate.

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16
Q

How does carbon monoxide affect your body?

A

It binds to red blood cells and reduces the number of oxygen molecules they can carry.

17
Q

Which chemical in cigarette smoke is carcinogenic (can cause cancer)

A

Tar

18
Q

What is the function of the small intestine?

A

This is where the food nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream.

19
Q

Where does mechanical digestion take place

A

In the mouth with the teeth and tongue

20
Q

What are enzymes?

A

They are biological catalysts made by the pancreas that SPEED up the rate of digestion.

21
Q

What type of energy is stored in food?

A

Chemical energy

22
Q

What is the function of the liver?

A

The liver produces BILE which neutralises stomach acid and emulsifies fats.

23
Q

Where does undigested food leave the body?

A

Through the anus.

24
Q

Look at the diagram. What part of the digestive system is labelled as A?

A

Oesophagus

25
Q

Look at the diagram. What part of the digestive system is labelled as C?

A

Liver

26
Q

Look at the diagram. What part of the digestive system is labelled as D?

A

Large intestine

27
Q

Look at the diagram. What part of the digestive system is labelled as F?

A

Small intestine

28
Q

Look at the diagram. What part of the digestive system is labelled as E?

A

Pancreas

29
Q

Look at the diagram. What part of the digestive system is labelled as B?

A

Stomach

30
Q

What is digestion?

A

Digestion is the process of breaking down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body.

31
Q

Name the enzyme that breaks down starch.

A

Amylase.

32
Q

Which enzyme breaks down proteins?

A

Protease

33
Q

What are the building blocks of proteins?

A

Amino acids

34
Q

Where is bile produced and stored?

A

Bile is produced in the liver and stored in the gallbladder.

35
Q

What is peristalsis?

A

Peristalsis is the wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive system.

36
Q

What happens in the large intestine?

A

Water is absorbed from the remaining undigested food, forming solid waste (faeces).

Year 8 Ms Lee 2024 Flashcards (9 decks)

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