Health Issues

Question 0

How is HIV/AIDS spread?

Answer 0

Exchange of body fluids during sexual inter course
Contaminated needles in intravenous drug use
Contaminated blood transfusion
Mother to child during pregnancy and also breast feeding

Question 1

What is HIV/AIDS?

Answer 1

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a sexually transmitted virus that affects the immune system

Question 2

Define obesity

Answer 2

Abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair heath

Question 3

What is BMI?

Answer 3

Body Mass Index

Found by weight in kg divided by the square of height in metres

Question 4

Define malnutrition

Answer 4

When you have an inadequate amount of essential nutrients

Question 5

How is malnutrition identified?

Answer 5

Weight for height indicator with a reference to population
Mid upper arm circumference
Presence of oedema ( bloated appearance of feet and face)

Question 6

What are some of the causes of malnutrition in poorer countries?

Answer 6

Food shortages - usually lack of tech
High food prices
Poor food distribution
Lack of breast feeding

Question 7

Define Famine

Answer 7

Atleast 20% of households in an area face extreme food shortages with a limited ability to cope
Acute malnutrition rates exceed 30%
Death rate exceeds 2 people per day per 10,000 people

Question 8

Health issues in your local area

Answer 8

Over 620 emergency hip fracture admissions per 100,00 population - higher than national average = 427

51. 2 teenage pregnancies per 1,000 females aged 15-17
52. 5 people under 18 per 100,000 admitted to hospital due to alcohol specific conditions

Question 9

Define crude mortality rate

Answer 9

No. of deaths during the year divided by a mid year population total
(Times k which turns it into a whole number)

Question 10

Define infant mortality rate

Answer 10

No. Of deaths occurring in children under the age of one year per 1000 live births

Question 11

Define case mortality rate

Answer 11

No. Of people dying from a disease by the no. diagnosed with disease

Question 12

Define prevalence rate

Answer 12

No. Of people in a given population who suffer from a particular condition at any one time

Question 13

Define incidence rate

Answer 13

How many in a population develop a particular condition in a period of time

Question 14

What is DALY?

Answer 14

Disability adjusted life years

The no. of healthy years of life lost

Question 15

Outline difference between morbidity and mortality

Answer 15

Morbidity - people developing diseases/illnesses etc.

Mortality - no. of people dying