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GP and public health > Health inequalities > Flashcards

Health inequalities Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 core principles of the NHS

A
  • Based on clinical need, not ability to pay
  • Free at the point of access
  • Meets the needs of everyone
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2
Q

What is health inequality

A

• any preventable or avoidable difference preventing access to healthcare

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3
Q

What is the inverse care law

A

• the ones who most need services have the least access to them

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4
Q

What is Maslows heirarchy of needs

A 
Self actualization
Esteem
Love/belonging
safety
physiological
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5
Q

What is the definition of homeless

A
  • no permanent address or fixed abode
  • living with friends or family
  • squatting
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6
Q

What causes someone to become homeless

A 
• financial reasons
• social
• Main cause eviction by private landlords
• unemployment 
• Mental illness 
• addiction
domestic abuse
poverty
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7
Q

Health problems in the homeless

A 
cellulitis
endocarditis
mental health problems
alcohol and drug abuse
vitamin deficiency from poor nutrition
blood borne viruses
infectious - tb and hepatitis
trauma- following violence or rape
STIs
poor condition of feet
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8
Q

Causes of death in the homeless

A
  • sepsis
  • suicide
  • addiction - alcohol and drugs
  • malnutrition
  • assualt
  • traffic incidents
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9
Q

Barriers to health care in the homeless

A

lack of pernmanent address for appointments
Basic hygiene
discrimination
difficulty registering with GP
lack of integration with other agencies
not priotising health needs over survival needs
may not know where to find help

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10
Q

Services available to the homeless

A 
Shelter
Mobile clinics
Specialist midwives and nurses
food banks
Homeless assessment and support service (HASS)
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11
Q

Health problems that occur in gypsies and travellers

A 
anxiety
miscarriage
chronic bronchitis
asthma
smoking
angina
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12
Q

What barriers are there for gypsies and travellers in accessing healthcare

A 
reluctance of GPs to register patients and to visit sites
poor reading and writing skills
communication difficulties
frequent movement/ transient sites
mistrust of professionals
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13
Q

Services available for gypsies and travellers

A

specialist health visitors
mobile clinic that visit sites
liaison with GPs, hospitals and ante-natal clinics to facilitate access

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14
Q

What health problems are prevalent in the LGTBQ community

A

depression
suicide and self harm
drugs and addiction problems
STIs

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15
Q

What barriers are there for LGTBQ patients

A

Stigma/prejudice
discomfort/feat of disclosing LGBTQ status due to real/perceived homophobia
previous negative experiences

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16
Q

What is an asylum seeker

A

a person who has made an application for refugee status

17
Q

What is a refugee

A

a person granted asylum and refugee status. usually means leave to remain for 5 years then reapply

18
Q

What is indefinite leave to remain (ILR)

A

when a person is granted full refugee status and given permanent residence in the UK

19
Q

What is an unaccompanied asylum seeking child

A

Is someone who has crossed an international border in search of safety and refugee status.
Is applying for asylum in his/her own right
Is under the age of 18, or in the absence of documentary evidence appears to be under that age
Is without adult family members or guardians to turn to in this country.

20
Q

What are asylum seekers entitled to

A

Are entitled to money- currently £35 pounds per week
Are entitled to housing- no choice dispersal
Are entitled to free NHS care
If under 18, have the services of a social services key worker and can go to school
Are NOT allowed to work and are not entitled to any other form of benefit.

21
Q

What are failed asylum seekers entitled to

A

Are NOT entitled to any money
Are NOT housed
Are NOT entitled to full NHS care (only emergency care)
Reliant on charities

22
Q

What barriers to healthcare are there for asylum seekers

A 
Lack of knowledge of where to get help
Lack of understanding how NHS works
Language / Culture / Communication
Frequent dispersal by Home office
Not homogenous group
23
Q

What health issues might asylum seekers have

A 
Common Illness
Illness Specific to Country of Origin
Injuries from war and travelling
No previous health surveillance / Immunisations
Malnutrition
Torture and Sexual Abuse 
Infectious disease
Untreated Chronic Disease / Congenital Problems
24
Q

What mental health issues might asylum seekers have

A 
PTSD 
Depression: Medication/Counselling
Sleep Disturbance
Psychosis
Self Harm
Presenting as physical symptoms

GP and public health (8 decks)

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