Health Inequalities Flashcards
Introduction of Health inequalities
Wealth of nation Report 2006 claims Scot’s are more likely to suffer long term illnesses and issues
When was the smoking ban introduced
2006
Smoking death statistic
1/5 of deaths in Scotland
After smoking ban there was a..
10% decline in smoking adults 2003-2016
What was something implemented to tackle obesity
Sugar Tax introduced in April 2018.
There are 2 bands, one for drinks containing 5g < and one for drinks containing 8g < per 100ml
The effects of the sugar tax
The volume purchased is te same but the quantity of sugar within the drinks fell 10% due to companies cutting down
How many adults are obese ?
63% of UK adults are overweight or obese (2019)
What was implemented to tackle alcohol abuse?
Minimum unit pricing for alcohol, May 2018. 50p per unit
How were alcohol sales effected by the MUP
Fell 7.5%. There was a 10% decrease in misuse. 21.5 % decrease in alcohol related deaths in Glasgow 2019.
What is a disadvantage on the MUP
It is a regressive tax so it is always going to undeniably effect the poor more. Taxing the poor.
A way to tackle poverty was
With Free Prescriptions which came into place April 2011 in Scotland.
How much more likely is a person in a intense poverty likely to have a chronic health condition
75%+, why the free prescriptions is a good thing because good health should not be affected by your social status
Why is it hard to justify free prescription
Costs the NHS £57 million. Encourages a wasteful approach to medicine and there’s no direct evidence of health inequalities reducing .
Health inequalities [lifestyle] intro
In wealthy ends of Glasgow the average life expectancy is 79/80 however if you walk a mile down the road to the more deprived areas it reduces by 15 years. BIOLOGY OF POVERTY
Different smoking numbers for different areas fact
Nearly 50% of all who are out of work/seeking employment or have a long term disability are smokers. Only 9% of affluent areas are smokers
Obesity and effects on youth
83% of 13 year olds do not eat enough fruit and veg.
Comparison between healthy food alternatives prices
In 2019 the average cost of food with the same calorific value is as follows. healthier foods was £7.68 while the unhealthy option was £2.45
Alcohol and drug rates in Scotland
1,339 died in 20-21 in Scotland which is the highest rate in Europe and 3x higher than wales and England.
How much more likely to die from drugs/alcohol are you if you’re from a deprived area
18x more likely to die in Scotland
In Dec 2021 how many adults were vaccinated with both doses
~80% of adults
What was the contrast between poorer and fluent vaccine %
69% of people from poorer areas were double vaccinated and 90% of affluent areas were despite being offered equally.
What percentage of adults in GB use the internet in 2021
90% this is important as it is clearly a well used platform where party information can be advertised
Rebuttal to Social medias effectiveness
In 2015 David Cameron won election but lost the internet battle, in 2019 too. This proves having the internets side is not a reflection of the results. Especially since the majority of users are young and support Left wing sides anyway
How many adults use the news for their information
75% of adults get their news from TV says a study in 2019
Not always a way to boost your party using TV for example
In 2014 independent referendum better together party broadcasts (PEB) was mocked
The purchase of newspaper has
Decreased greatly.. fell from 4.45 billion British pounds in 2005 to under 2.8 billion GBP in 2020. And tends to be tabloids which are more about gossip and entertainment rather than for information
Why are newspapers echo chambers
They always mimic opinions, people buy the newspapers which support their views. It is older generations that tend to purchase newspapers who tend to back the right wing. 3/4 of national papers backed conservatives in 2019 which makes sense as that is their demographic.
In the 2017 general election : [age]
66% of 18-19 year olds voted labour
While 69% of 70+ voted conservative
Why else does age influence voting patterns
In the 2017 general election only 57% of 18-19 voted while 84% of 70+ voted.
A trend of the older the higher the turn out
Social Class DE and AB voted [in 2017 election]
44% Labour -DE
46% conservative -AB
However there is a lot of reasons as To why social class is less of an influential factor
C2 voted voted 50% cons and 30% Lab in 2019 which broke the ‘red wall’ and completely broke the old class alignment. (CLASS MISALIGNMENT)
Insider groups [FOR]
BMA are often consulted and compatible with the government. In Jan 2019 the UK gov completed a review of GPs and working with the BMA they found that substantial innovation of using tech was needed
Insider Groups [NEGATIVE]
The BMA disagree with some of the things done by the government but will not complain so as to stay on good terms. ‘The government thinks that by ending free testing they will save money… it will add further stress to the NHS’ even though they are the educated.
Outsider Groups [FOR]
In 2019 there was a week of non-violent civil disobedience by extinction rebellion. This gained a lot of coverage and support worldwide. They are free to do what they desire in support of their cause.
Outsider group [Negative]
XR used trucks and bamboo scaffolding to block roads outside printing presses of national newspapers stating ‘free the truth’. This had backlash from the government minister Priti Patel accusing extinction rebellion of undermining democracy and a free press - saying they were criminals (less likely to be listened to)
Marches [FOR]
In 2017 plans to shut Edinburgh music school were scrapped after huge protest marches, shows effectiveness in influencing decisions
Marches [AGAINST]
Thousands of students marched in London in 2010 to protest increasing cost of uni fees. Had no effect. 
Intro for a group more impacted by inequality than others [children]
UNICEF said in 2017 that the UK is the 14th highest out of 45 similarly developed countries for child poverty
How much does the government spend on welfare, introduction
34% of their budget says ONS 2017
What was done to tackle gender inequality and why was it ineffective
The equality act of 2010, 2/3 of companies haven’t heard of it. The gender pay gap in some jobs is up to 3 times as much
Why was the equality act effective
In 2018 women finally won against the Glasgow city council after eight years of protests about being paid up to £3 less an hour in their male counterparts
What has been done to tackle the working poor
The national minimum wage was implemented in 1999.It raised the pay of 1.3 million workers. It is currently £9.50 an hour (increased 2021)
1/4 of the UK workforce are working poor 2017
Is the national minimum wage enough? 
The cost of living is constantly increasing, inflation is expected to reach double digits soon and house prices have already rose by 8%
Explain the positives of universal credit
It had support from every political party except the SNP.  it was implemented in 2017 under David Cameron, it was more efficient for recipient and distributor as it was only one form to complete and it was an equal amount of money for all
What were some of the issues with universal credit
Some people who received multiple benefits for example disability lost money due to a £500 cap for a week. Delays of five weeks resulted in a 33% increase in food parcels from Trussel trust 2021
Unemployment and jobseekers allowance
between April to June 2021 5% of the UK population were unemployed, 1.84 million. Jobseekers was introduced in 1996. Must sign on every two weeks at a job centre plus. allowance paid those 18-24 £59.20 a week and those 25 and above £74.70 per week
What are the sanctions of job secret allowance
The first offence is four weeks and the second offence and so one is 13 weeks
Trade union Congress says that jobseekers allowance won’t actually encourage people to find jobs
