Health - Final Exam | Q4 Flashcards
It is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not just the absence of disease or infirmity.
Health
It is defined as a sociological group in a large place sharing one environment.
Community
What is the immediate surroundings of living things?
Environment
This focuses on how different environmental factors affect the well-being of a person.
Environmental Health
This is defined as the art and science of maintaining, protecting, and improving the health of all the members of the community through organized and sustained community efforts.
Community Health
What are the characteristics of a healthy community?
- A clean and safe physical environment.
- An environment that meets everyone’s basic needs.
- An environment that promotes social harmony and actively involves everyone.
- An understanding of local health and environmental issues.
- A community that participates in identifying local solutions to local problems.
- A community whose members have access to varied experiences, means of interaction and communication.
- Accessible and appropriate health services and facilities.
- The promotion and celebration of historical and cultural heritage.
- A diverse and innovative economy.
- A sustainable use of available resources for all.
It is the responsible removal and transfer of wastes.
Proper Waste Disposal
What does the 5Rs stand for?
Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Repurpose, and Recycle
This means avoiding accumulating wastes.
Refuse
This means minimizing waste.
Reduce
This means using the same material for the same purpose.
Reuse
This means turning what would otherwise be waste material into something that can be used for a purpose other than it was originally made.
Repurpose
This means processing waste material so that it could be converted into a product which can be used again.
Recycling
This can cause deforestation and loss of biodiversity in land and aquatic life.
Illegal Mining
It is the movement of chemical pesticides from the intended place to another, cause by wind or other factors.
Pesticide Drifting
It is the conversion of forested areas to non-forest land uses, such as arable land, urban areas, logged areas, or wasteland
Deforestation
It can cause a variety of risks to our health, ranging from altering patterns of infectious diseases to deaths in extreme temperatures. It is brought about by human activities , particularly fossil fuel burning.
Climate Change
It is a method of finding where cyanide, a poison, is used to kill marine animals.
Cyanide Fishing
It is a method of fishing where dynamite is thrown the water killing any fish nearby.
Dynamite Fishing
What are in oil spills?
Liquid petroleum hydrocarbon
What are the trees of the ocean and what are they made of?
Coral Reefs | Calcium
This refers to the destruction and possible mass death of the world’s coral reefs.
Coral reef degradation
Also known as “The Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000”. This law requires local government units to collect and segregate solid waste.
Republic Act No. 9003
It is also known as “The Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999”. This law states that the government shall promote and protect the environment and protect people from air pollution.
Republic Act No. 8749
It is also known as “The Philippine Clean Water Act 2004”. This law regulates the water quality management of the bodies of water in the country.
Republic Act No. 9275
It is also known as “Toxic Substances & Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Act of 1990”. This law establishes rules and regulations on the proper disposal and management of hazardous chemical waste.
Republic Act No. 6969
It is also known as “The Philippine Mining Act of 1995”. This law regulates mining activities in the country.
Republic Act No. 7942
It is also known as “The Chain Saw Act of 2002”. This act regulates the ownership, possession, sale, and importation of chain saws in the country, as chain saws are used in deforestation.
Republic Act No. 9175
It is defined as any chemical substance that affects bodily functions.
Drugs
__________, such as cigarettes and alcohol are legal drugs that a non-drug user might try which can lead him/her to more dangerous drugs such as marijuana and shabu.
Gateway Drugs
These are psychoactive drugs that slow down the activity of the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord), which reduces a person’s alertness, and also slows down functions such as breathing and heart rate.
Depressants
These are a class of drugs that speed up the messages between the brain and the body. They can make a person feel more awake, alert, confident, or energetic.
Stimulants
These are drugs which relieve pain and induce sleepiness.
Narcotics
These are drugs which distorts reality and sensory perception of the user.
Hallucinogens
These are found in ordinary household chemical products and anesthetics.
Inhalants
These are factors which place people in a more vulnerable position to harmful practices such as illegal drug use.
Risk Factors
What are the risk factors of illegal drug use?
- A person who lacks self-respect and self-worth may easily give in to negative peer pressure.
- A person who is unable to express himself or herself to other people may seek confidence using illegal drugs. This person may also experience stress, anger, and depression.
- A person who surrounds himself or herself with people who use illegal drugs may follow the harmful practice.
- A person who lives in a community with easy access to illegal drugs is more likely to try using it
- A person who belongs to a family with an illegal drug user is more vulnerable to be influenced.
- A person who performs low in school may resort to illegal drug use. This person may feel frustrated when comparing himself or herself to others who perform better.
These will help in overcoming the risk factors and live a life away from illegal drugs.
Protective Factors
What are the protective factors of illegal drug use?
- A person must develop self-respect and self-worth. This starts with knowing oneself better. This can be done by identifying one’s own strengths, talents, and skills, and putting them to good use.
- A person must surround himself or herself with friends who value health and life.
- A person must develop resiliency if living in an adverse environment. Resiliency is the ability to stay strong even in difficult times.
- A person must set goals to achieve quality life. He or she must plan steps to achieve these goals.
- A person must keep healthy family relationships. The family is the most immediate source of help and guidance.
- A person must possess stress management skills. These refer to the skills of a person in handling difficult situations and being able to find ways to overcome them
It is the person or rescuer who administers first aid
First Aider
What are the objectives of first aid?
- To save and prolong lives
- To lessen the victim’s suffering
- To prevent further injuries
It is a piece of sterile cloth used to cover a wound to prevent from any infection and to stop the bleeding
Dressing
They are used to apply pressure to bleeding. It can also be used to cover wound sand burns and to provide support for immobilization for broken bones, and any types of injuries
Bandages
What are the 4 types of bandages?
- Gauze/Roller
- Compression
- Triangular
- Tubular Bandage
These can come a variety of widths and lengths. It is versatile and can be used for almost any bandage application, including holding a dressing in place
Gauze/Roller
It is also called an elastic bandage. It is made from stretchable cloth with many different applications such as for sprains and muscle strains
Compression
It is also known as a cravat bandage. It is is a piece of cloth shaped as a right-angled triangle and often provided with safety pins to secure it in place.
Triangular Bandage
It is used to hold dressings or splints on to limbs, or to provide support to sprains and strains, and it also helps stop bleeding
Tubular Bandage
These normally entails recording body temperature, pulse rate or heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate.
Vital Signs
It is a technique that can be used to save lives in many emergencies
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation | CPR
What does the acronym CAB mean?
- C - Circulation (restore circulation with chest compression)
- A - Airway (clear the airway)
- B - Breathing (breath for the person)
What are two ways to conduct physical examination when giving first aid?
Primary Survey and Secondary Survey
It is used when the victim is unconscious and to find out and immediately treat life-threatening conditions
Primary Survey
It is used when the victim is conscious or has revived. It aims to detect everything about the patient’s condition
Secondary Survey
What does the mnemonic SAMPLE PAIN stand for?
S-ymptoms (the chief complaint of the patient)
A-llergy (find out if the victim is allergic to anything)
M-edication (what are the medicines s/he is currently taking)
P-revious illness (that may be related to the problem)
L-ast meal (only for those subject for operation)
E-vents (prior to what happened)
P-eriod of pain (How long? What started it?)
A-rea (Where is the pain coming from?)
I-ntensity
N-ullify (What stopped it?)
What are the factors that should be considered in transporting a victim?
- Weight and height of the victim
- Status of the victim if he or she is conscious or unconscious
- Environment
- Special need considerations
It is a break or crack in a bone.
Fracture
What are the 4 types of fractures?
Oblique
Comminuted
Spiral
Compound
It is a partial or complete displacement of the bones from the joint.
Dislocation
What are the precautions when someone gets a dislocation?
- Splint the affected part.
- Appy ice on the injured part to reduce swelling.
- Call for help immediately
It is an injury to the ligaments of a bone due to accidental tearing or overstretching
Sprain
It is an injury to the muscles which is a result of improper use of the muscle
Strain
What does the acronym R.I.C.E mean?
Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevate
It occurs when air cannot get into the lungs because of water
Drowning
What are the precautions when someone drowns?
- Lay the person down on his/her back.
- Check breathing and open the airway.
- Give rescue breaths and chest compression if necessary
It is caused by a sudden obstruction of blood supply to a part of the heart muscles
Heart Attack
What are the precautions when someone gets a heart attack?
- Help the person sit or lie down with head elevated.
- Constantly monitor the vital signs.
- Call for medical help immediately
It may occur upon contact with a corrosive substance
Chemical Burns
What are the precautions when someone gets a chemical burn?
- Remove the source of the burn.
- Flush the chemical off the skin with cool running water.
- Call for medical help
It is a condition in which the blood supply to a part of the brain is suddenly and seriously impaired by a blood clot or ruptured blood vessel.
Stroke
What are the precautions when someone gets a stroke?
- Loosen any tight clothing.
- Monitor vital signs and reassure the victim.
- Incline his head to the affected side and place a towel on his shoulder to absorb any dribbling.
- Call for medical help immediately.
This term refers to injuries that are results of an intended human action
Intentional Injuries
What are the 2 types of intentional injuries?
º Self-inflicted - when a person purposely harms himself/herself.
º Assault - when a person harms another person on purpose. It can be classifieddepending on the person or persons causing harm:
º an act of violence perpetrated within the family
º committed by peersº an act of violence committed by other groups
What is the intentional taking of one’s own life?
Suicide
It is an act in which a person attempts to suicide without having any intention to die.
Parasuicide
It refers to any form of injuries which happens accidentally. It also described as any unintended injuries resulting from a physical energy in the environment
Unintentional Injuries
What are some of the common unintentional injuries?
º Fracture
º Dislocation
º Food poisoning
º Heat exhaustion
º Sprain and Strain
What are the personal risk factors related to intentional injuries?
- History of being abused in the past
- Lack of social mobility
- High emotional distress
- Being exposed to violence and conflict within the family
- Low IQ
What are the family risk factors related to intentional injuries?
- Poor family values
- Inconsistent family rules
- Poor monitoring and guidance of children
- Irresponsible parental involvement
- Financial instability
What are the peer and social risk factors related to intentional injuries?
- Association with delinquent peers and friends
- Feelings of social isolation
- Poor attendance in school
- Lack of commitment to studies
- Poor social skills and interaction
What are the community risk factors related to intentional injuries?
- Poor implementation of laws in the community
- Socially disorganized community
- Lack of economic opportunities
- Weak community relationships
- Lack of community program, projects, and activities
What are the personal protective factors related to intentional injuries?
º High IQ.
º Good self-control.
º Religious beliefs.
º Positive social interaction.
º Commitment to studies and personal growth
What are the peer and social protective factors related to intentional injuries?
º Healthy involvement in social gatherings.
º Exposure to positive environment.
º Formation of healthy friendship.
º Positive influence from peers.
º Being around peers and friends who do not use illegal drugs
What are the community protective factors related to intentional injuries?
º Positive attitude towards combating violence in the community.
º Strong community relationship.
º Effective community programs.
º Strong community advocacy towards intentional injuries
What are the family protective factors related to intentional injuries?
º Strong family ties.
º Clear and consistent family rules.
º Ability to discuss problems within the family.
º Reliance on family for emotional support.
º Constant monitoring of children’s school performance
What are the different types of one-man carry?
Fireman Carry
One-Person lift
Blanket Pull
Pack-Strap Carry
Shoulder Pull
What are the different types of two-man carry?
Four-Handed Seat
Two-Handed Seat
Chair Carry
Human Crutch
Improvised Stretcher
Blanket Stretcher
What are the different types of three or more-man carry?
Stretcher Lift
Hammock Carry
